Higher Visual Processing

Question 1

M and P pathways encode for? where do they terminate in V1?

Answer 1

M- motion 4C-alpha

P - colour 4C-beta

Question 2

outputs of V1 layers?

Answer 2

3 = other cortical
5 = sup. colliculus/pons
6 = LGN

Question 3

M ganglions project to which layer of LGN?

Answer 3

magnocellular layer

Question 4

when does mixing occur with M ganglions?

Answer 4

AFTER entering primary visual cortex

Question 5

What happens in Layer IVB of V1?

Answer 5

get directional selectivity

Question 6

how much of cortex involved with visions?

Answer 6

40%

Question 7

what are the 2 large cortical streams of visual processing?

Answer 7

M-cells: dorsal pathway

P-cells: ventral pathway

Question 8

dorsal pathway detects?

Answer 8

where in visual field

Question 9

Where do you get directional selectivity?

Answer 9

Layer IV-B in V1

Question 10

ventral pathway detects?

Answer 10

what in visual field

Question 11

Middle temporal lobe is for?

Answer 11

specialized for precessing object motion

Question 12

Middle temporal lobe receives from 3 big places?

Answer 12

V2, V3, Layer IV-B of V1

Question 13

almost all Cells in the Middle temporal lobe are?

Answer 13

directional selective to movement

Question 14

3 kinds of cones are? maximal absorption at?

Answer 14

Red: 560
Green: 530
Blue: 430

Question 15

How does colour vision work? 2 steps:

Answer 15

1. detect relative amounts of cones working

2. comparison to each other

Question 16

Red opposed by?

Answer 16

Green

Question 17

Blue opposed by?

Answer 17

Yellow

Question 18

P ganglions exhibit what kind of detection?

Answer 18

colour opponent centre surround

Question 19

colour opponent centre surround means?

Answer 19

excited by red on centre

inhibited by green on surround

Question 20

brain likes what kind of stimulation for light detection?

Answer 20

either maximal stim

maximal inhibition

Question 21

Area V4 is important for perception of?

Answer 21

shape

colour

Question 22

Area inferior temporal is a major output of?

Answer 22

V4

Question 23

What does Area inferior temporal perception of?

Answer 23

faces

Question 24

colour deficiencies happen how? 2 ways

Answer 24

inherited

acquired

Question 25

male vs. female colour deficiencies?

Answer 25

8% males

0.5% females

Question 26

What is: Monochromacy, Dichromacy, Anomalous trichromacy?

Answer 26

Monochromacy: only have one type of cone
Dichromacy: two functioning cones
Anomalous trichromacy: have 3 cones, one expresses abnormal pigment

Question 27

Which is most common? Monochromacy, Dichromacy, Anomalous trichromacy?

Answer 27

Anomalous trichromacy

Question 28

What is Tritan?

Answer 28

No blue cone

Question 29

What is protan?

Answer 29

No red cone

Question 30

What is Deutan?

Answer 30

No green cone

Question 31

Which cone is deficient most commonly?

Answer 31

Green (Deutan)

Question 32

Deutanopes with traffic lights: trouble how?

Answer 32

confuse red and yellow

Question 33

protanopes with traffic lights: trouble how?

Answer 33

can’t see red easily

Question 34

What kind of pathways carry visual info from retina to cortex?

Answer 34

parallel

Question 35

neurons in V1 M pathways are two things:

Answer 35

1. directionally selective

2. dorsal for motion

Question 36

P pathways encode? 2 big ones. Which pathway?

Answer 36

colour and resolution (NOT MOTION)

ventral pathway