Disorders of Language Flashcards
what is aphasia?
disturbance in language as a results of brain damage
language versus speech
language produced via:
- speech
- writing
3 causes of aphasia:
- acute:stroke
- insidious: dementia
- paroxysmal: seizures/migraines
Paul Broca started the move towards?
lateralization
% of ppl who are left lateralized?
95% right handers
70% left handers
does right hemisphere have any role in language?
Yes.
Prosody
paralinguistic aspects
2 divisions of MCA?
superior
inferior
inferior MCA supplies?
- temporoparietal cortex
2. visual tracts
superior MCA supplies?
- sensorimotor cortex
2. ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
2 parts of language system is?
- production
2. selection
Non fluent aphasia is problem with? what kind of lesion?
anterior lesion:
prob with production/grammar/structure
Broca’s aphasia called?
non-fluent aphasia
Wernicke’s aphasia called?
fluent aphasia
fluent aphasia is impaired where? with what?
posterior lesion
impaired selection of content
2 areas of in Broca important in language: Pars…
- pars triangularis
2. pars opercularis
2 gyri that have temporoparietal assication neocortex with Wernicke’s area?
- supramarginal gyrus
2. anglar gyrus
what is the arcuate fasciculus tract for?
link Wernicke’s to premotor and Broca’s
Wernicke’s aphasia language output include what 2 things?
- neologisms
2. paraphasic errors
Wernicke’s aphasia motor and comprehension is?
no motor impairment
impaired comprehension
what happens if you get Wernicke’s aphasia affecting visual tracts?
could have right quadrantanopsia
Broca’s Aphasia: describe
Non-fuent
highly effortful speech
Broca’s Aphasia comprehension and muscles?
preserved comprehension
right face and arm weakness
What is conduction aphasia?
fluent aphasia better thn Wernicke’s
poor repetition of words
what is transcortical motor aphasia?
non-fluent
repetition is preserved
muteness if severe.
2 big mechanisms of recovery:
- contralateral transfer
2. ipsilateral re-organization
examples of contralateral transfer?
young age:
- stroke
- hemispherectomy
examples of ipsilateral reorganization? when?
adults
- stroke
- focal developmental anomaly
which is better long term recovery? reorganization ipsilateral? or contralateral?
both is best
Uvula towards or away from lesion?
away from lesion
sticking out tongue: is weak side towards or away from lesion?
towards lesion