Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What does ANS not innervate?
CNS and Skeletal muscle
purpose of ANS?
homeostasis and survival
Organs are innervated by SNS or PNS?
Both but usually different tissues
Where are the sympathetic ganglion in relation to organs?
more distant
Where are the parasympathetic ganglion in relation to organs?
proximal or within organs
two post-ganglionic types in sympathetic system?
prevertebral
paravertebral (sympathetic chain)
where is the myelination in the pre/post ganglions?
pre: lightly myelinated
post: unmyelinated
Post ganglionic NTs and receptors for SNS and PNS?
SNS: NA or ACh(M);sweat glands
PNS: ACh(M)
primary transmitters in CNS?
Glutamate and GABA
Non classical NTs include?
ATP
NO
neuropeptide P and Y
when more than one NT released it’s called:
co-transmission
Neurotransmission in organs 4 main points:
- no easily visible junction
- multiple NT release sites
- extrajunctional receptors
- unknown functions still
The intermediolateral cell column runs where? for which system?
T1 - L3
SNS preganglionic
what do sympathetic ganglia do?
integration
coordination between sympathetic nerves and organs
Paravertebral post- ganglia does what?
primary vasoconstrictor
prevertebreal post- ganglia does what?
primary non-vascular smooth muscle innervation
which system does convergence vs. divergence?
sympathetic post ganglionic
preganglionic: divergence
prevertebral: convergence
SNS also activates what?
Adrenal glands to get mass adrenoceptor activation via hormones
day-to day sympathetic activation does what?
regulates and tweaks a variety of things like HR, BP, reproduction, tissues/organs
3 cranial preganglionic neurons include:
- edinger-westphal
- salivatory nuclei
- dorsal motor vagus/n.Ambuguous
preganglionic sacral do what?
control pelvic organs via pelvic plexus
what’s special about pelvic plexus?
unusually long axons
vulnerable to surgical injury
mixed ganglia
pelvic ganglia are?
relay stations, no dendrites
Parasympathetic NS works purely via?
synapses
Parasympathetic not linked to rest-digest include what function?
bladder control
SNS and Parasympathetic antagonistic to each other?
Not really. Mostly synergistic
3 cases where SNS and Parasympathetic are antagonistic at cellular level?
SA node for HR
Heart contractility
Airway relaxation
2 examples of SNS Parasympathetic antagonism but with different cells?
SNS: dilator pupillae
Parasympathetic: sphincter pupillae
SNS: bladder
Parasympathetic: voiding bladder
lacrimal controlled by?
Parasympathetic
serous vs. mucous salivary controlled via SNS or Para?
serous: sympathetic
mucous: Parasympathetic
what’s the only correct definition of location of preganglionic neurons?
anatomical:
sympathetic: thoracic, lumbar
Parasympathetic: cranial/sacral nuclei
Describe 2 types of autonomic reflex
Supraspinal: up to brain
spinal: stays in cord only
where is the major integrative centre for autonomic function? where does it go from there?
caudal nucleus solitarus tract in medulla: then goes:
- local reflexes
- higher centres
what is the central coordinator of autonomic output?
hypothalamus and paraventricular nucleus
what does hypothalamus and paraventricular nucleus with sensory ANS info?
receives
compares to set points
adjusts via endocrine
integrates with limbic and cortical systems
