CNS Viruses

Question 0

neuroinvasive virus?

Answer 0

can enter/infect CNS

Question 1

What is neurotropic virus?

Answer 1

can replicate in nerve cells

Question 2

neurovirulent virus?

Answer 2

can cause disease within nervous system

Question 3

Myelitis is?

Answer 3

infection of spinal cord

Question 4

encephalomyelitis

Answer 4

brain and spinal cord infected

Question 5

primary vs. secondary encephalitis?

Answer 5

1. primary: direct viral infection

2. secondary: post-infectious via past viral infection

Question 6

viral vs. bacterial meningitis?

Answer 6

viral less severe but more common

Question 7

main cause of viral meningitis?

Answer 7

1. enteroviruses

2. mumps, varicella zoster, influenza, HIV, HSV1,2

Question 8

most likely cause of most serious viral encephalitis?

Answer 8

HSV1(face),2 (genital)
Rabies
arboviruses
enteroviruses

Question 9

post infectious encephalomyelitis? eg.?

Answer 9

inflamm and demyelination, no virus present, autoimmune, Guillan-Barre

Question 10

Reye’s Syndrome is? who? fatality? when took what med made it worse?

Answer 10

Kids, post infection with influenza/varicella/25% fatality, parents gave aspirin during initial fever

Question 11

what is a late sequel to measles?

Answer 11

chronic demyelinating disease, takes 30 years

Question 13

HIV can progress to?

Answer 13

AIDS encephalopathy, 50% develop dementia

Question 14

How can viruses spread to CNS if there is the BBB?

Answer 14

travels via peripheral axon fibres to CNS

Question 15

why aren’t viruses killed when they are moving within nerves?

Answer 15

no class 1 molecules for immune system to recognize

Question 16

Viruses traversing 2 nerves how?

Answer 16

viral progeny can cross synaptic junction

Question 17

what 3 vessels in the brain can viruses enter via blood stream?

Answer 17

choroid plexus blood vessels
meningeal
cerebral

Question 18

HSV and coronavirus can enter the brain how?

Answer 18

olfactory bulb

Question 19

viruses replicate in 2 cells in the brain:

Answer 19

1. neurons: direct kill

2. oligodendrocytes

Question 20

Rabies has to grow in nerve cells?

Answer 20

yes, obligatory

Question 21

Rabies has envelope? so what?

Answer 21

Yes, budding from infected cells

Question 22

Rabies hides from immun system?

Answer 22

Nope

Question 23

Australian ‘Rabies’ is called?

Answer 23

Lyssavirus from bats

Question 24

Rabies symptoms?

Answer 24

Aggression
thirst/terror drinking water
foaming at mouth

Question 25

How long does it take rabies to get to CNS? what does that mean?

Answer 25

10-60 days

means you can vaccinate after you get bitten

Question 26

Alpha herpes viruses are what 3 kinds?

Answer 26

HSV 1
HSV 2
Varicella Zoster

Question 27

does herpes have to grow in nerves? what kind of DNA? envelope?

Answer 27

Yes
dsDNA
enveloped

Question 28

primary infection of HSV 1 involves? spread how?

Answer 28

mouth/throat

spread via saliva

Question 29

What is most common cause of severe sporadic encephalitis?

Answer 29

HSV

Question 30

Varicella Zoster latent phase hides where?

Answer 30

dorsal root ganglia

Question 31

Polio: has to grow in nerves? envelope?

Answer 31

Not obligatory nerve growth

no envelope

Question 32

polio kills it host?

Answer 32

yes, cytocidal

Question 33

what kind of virus is polio?

Answer 33

enterovirus

Question 34

what does low neuroinvasiveness mean?

Answer 34

hardly gets into CNS

Question 35

why does polio cause paralysis?

Answer 35

invades spinal cord anterior horn cells

Question 36

polio vector?

Answer 36

faecal-oral

Question 37

what happens if polio paralyzes lungs?

Answer 37

Will die unless they are in iron lung

Question 38

What other enteriovirus besides polio can cause meningitis? how spread?

Answer 38

Coxsackie B, A, echo viruses

fecal-oral spread