Herpesviridae

Question 1

Morphology

Answer 1

linear dsDNA

~100 nm icosahedral capsid

enveloped – 150-200 nm

Question 2

Resistance

Answer 2

weak

Question 3

Biological properties

Answer 3

Baltimore I
•latent infections – episoma, integration 
•strong CPE:
- intranuclear inclusion bodies 
- syncytia
- cell rounding, lysis
•oncogenity – mainly gammaherpesviruses
•generally stenoxen (a few exceptions)

Question 4

Antigenic properties

Answer 4

weak immunogenes
•cross reactions within genera
- Aujeszky’s disease – IBR 
- EHV-1 – EHV-4
- Marek’s disease – turkey herpes (used as vaccine for marek´s disease

Question 5

Subfamilies

Answer 5

Alphaherpesvirinae
Betaherpesvirinae
Gammaherpesvirinae

Differences in
•replication time (< 24 h or > 24 h)
•latency site (ganglia, glands, macrophages, lymphocytes) •cytopathic effects (inclusion bodies, cytomegaly, fusion)

Question 6

Betaherpesvirinae

Answer 6

Cytomegalovirus
Muromegalovirus
Proboscivirus
Roseolovirus

Question 7

Alphaherpesvirinae

Answer 7

Simplexvirus
Varicellovirus
Mardivirus
Iltovirus

Question 8

Gammaherpesvirinae

Answer 8

Lymphocryptovirus
Rhadinoviurs
Macavirus
Percavirus

Question 9

Diagnosis

Answer 9

isolation – cocultivation!
NA-hybridization,
PCR
VN for identification

Question 10

Simplexvirus genus (Alphaherpesvirinae)

Answer 10

(Alphaherpesvirinae)

Bovine herpesmamillitis (BoHV-2)

Simian herpes (B-virus)

Human herpes simplex (HHV 1-2)
•labial and genital herpes – keratitis, encephalitis!

Question 11

Varicellovirus genus (Alphaherpesvirinae)

Answer 11

Equine abortion/rhinopneumonitis (EHV-1, EHV-4, EHV-6)

Aujeszky’s disease – Pseudorabies (SuHV)
•swine: abortion, respiratory and CNS signs
•other species: lethal CNS disease, similar to rabies

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR, BoHV-1, BoHV-5) •rhinotracheitis, abortion
•Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV), balanopostitis (IBP)

Canine herpesvirus (CHV-1)
•nasal mucosa – puppy generalized

Human Varicella - Zoster (HHV-3)
•Chickenpox - Shingles

Question 12

Mardivirus genus (Alphaherpesvirinae)

Answer 12

Marek’s disease virus (GaHV 2-3) •CNS signs, paralysis •lymphatic tumours

Turkey herpesvirus (MeHV-1)

Question 13

Iltovirus genus (Alphaherpesvirinae)

Answer 13

Infectious laryngotracheitis (GaHV-1)

Question 14

Cytomegalovirus genus (Betaherpesvirinae)

Answer 14

Human cytomegalovirus
- may cause mononucleosis like conditions.

Monkey cytomegaloviruses

Question 15

Muromegalovirus (Betaherpesvirinae)

Answer 15

Mouse, rat cytomegaloviruses

Question 16

Roseolovirus genus (Betaherpesvirinae)

Answer 16

Human: Roseola infectiosa (HHV 6, 7)

Question 17

Lymphocryptovirus (Gammaherpesvirinae)

Answer 17

Epstein-Barr virus (HHV-4)
•Mononucleosis infectiosa - may damage liver and spleen in severe cases. Most people have antibodies due to early contact with the virus. Life long antibodies.
•Burkitt’s lymphoma
•Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Baboon, monkey, ape herpesviruses

Question 18

Macavirus (Gammaherpesvirinae)

Answer 18

Malignant catarrhal fever of cattle (AlHV-1, OvHV-2) •wildebeest, sheep – asymptomatic carrier

Question 19

Pecavirus genus

Answer 19

Equid herpesvirus 2 – foal pneumonia + Rh. equi

Equid herpesvirus 5 – pulmonary fibrosis

Question 20

Rhadinovirus genus:

Answer 20

Rhadinovirus genus
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (Movar) – pneumonia

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (HHV-8)
•human, in immunosuppressant patients

Question 21

Fish herpesviruses (Alloherpesviridae)

Answer 21

Koi herpes – carp

Sturgeon, salmon herpesviruses