Hearing Flashcards
Unit 3
Movement of air molecules brought about by a source of vibration:
Sound
Conversion of sound waves into neural impulses (in the hair cells of the inner ear):
Acoustic Transduction
Number of wave cycles that occur in a second:
Frequency
Sounds are described as high or low due to the change in pressure created by sound waves:
Pitch
Pitch is measured in __:
Htz
A short wavelength = a ___ pitch:
High
A long wavelength = a ___ pitch:
Low
Feature of wave patterns that allow us to distinguish between loud and soft sounds:
Amplitude
Amplitude is measured in ___:
Decibels
A large amplitude = ___ sound:
Loud
A short amplitude = a ___ sound:
Soft
Corresponds to the perceptual term quality:
Complexity
What is another term for quality?
Timbre
A standard unit for measuring a sound’s loudness:
Decibel
Every increase of __ decibels ____ a sound’s intensity:
6; Doubles
Noise related to ___ decibels or higher can cause prolonged hearing loss if heard over prolonged periods of time:
80
External flaps of skin and cartilage:
Pinna
Part of the outer ear that tends to the tympanic membrane:
Auditory Canal
Separates outer ear from the middle ear:
Eardum
Vibrates with receiving sounds:
Eardrum
The three bones in the middle ear that are set in motion by the eardrum:
Ossicles
Thin membrane leading to the inner ear:
Oval Window
Coiled tube in the inner ear that contains fluid that vibrates in response to sound and triggers the receptors:
Cochlea
Subject to pressure changes in the cochlear fluid:
Basilar Membrane
Belong to organ of conti which is triggered by fluid movement and bend, causing the cells to send neural messages to the brain:
Hair Cells
Different areas in the basilar membrane respond to different frequencies:
Place Theory
Place Theory
___ frequencies produce waves that peak near the close end:
Higher
Place Theory
Low frequencies travel ___, peaking at the far end, being interpreted as low pitch:
Further
The entire basilar membrane acts as a microphone, vibrating in response to a sound:
Frequency Theory
At very high frequencies, nerves fire one after another:
The Volley Principle
Since we have two ears, sounds that reach one ear faster than the other causes us to ____ the sound:
Localize
What does the brain use when localizing?
Parallel Processing
Hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea:
Conduction
Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or to the auditory nerve:
Sensorineural
When hair cells degenerate, will they regrow?
No
What type of frequency can old people hear well?
Low frequencies
Old people suffer hearing loss when listening to which frequency?
High Frequencies
Electronic Devices that enable the brain to hear sounds:
Cochlear Implant
An illusion that’s created when the auditory component of one sound is paired with the visual component of another sound, leading to a third sound:
McGurk Effect
Someone with hearing loss can experience a sound of silence or a ringing sound in the ears:
Tinnitus
Use of sound waves and echoes to determine where objects are:
Echolocation
