Haematopoietic system and component parts; part 1 Flashcards
Where do blood cells arise from?
The bone marrow
What is Erythropoiesis?
Production of Red Blood Cells
What is a reticulocyte?
The final cell type of an erythrocyte before maturation
What is the function of platelets?
They mediate blood coagulation
What is the function of leukocytes?
They remove bacteria and cell debris by the process of phagocytosis and promote the process of wound healing
What are the homeostatic functions of phagocytic leukocytes?
Tissue remodelling and removal of dead cells
What do platelets attract via cell signalling?
Leukocytes and WBC’S to promote wound healing
What is the main function of Neutrophils?
Phagocytic, they kill bacteria and fungi by microbicidial mechanisms
What are the functions of macrophages?
Phagocytosis and tissue repair?
What do monocytes develop into?
Monocytes are found in the blood stream and then develop into macrophages in the tissue
What are platelets mainly responsible for?
primary homeostasis, (plugging damaged blood vessels)
How do Eosinophils stain?
Very strongly pink, contain very prominent granules
What is the main function of Eosinophils?
Provide immunity against helminth infections and contribute towards allergic reactions
How do basophils stain?
Dark blue stain
What is the function of basophils?
they participate in inflammatory reactions, e.g releasing histamine
What is the main function of monocytes?
rapidly respond to inflammatory stimuli and migrate in large numbers to infected/ injured tissues
What do mast cells pass through the blood as?
immature cells, they then mature when they migrate into the tissues
What are lymphoid cells?
a type of WBC with a large, deeply staining nucleus- found in the lymph system
What immune system are lymphoid cells a part of?
the adaptive immune system
What are the two cell types lymphocytes are most broadly categorised into?
Helper and Cytoxic cells
What is the function of helper T-Cells?
drive immune responses against different types of pathogen
What is the function of Cytoxic T-Cells?
Recognise and kill infected cells
What do plasma cells secrete upon activation?
immunoglobin (antibodies that can mediate a broad range of effects upon pathogens)
What other cells can B-Cells act as?
Antigen Presenting Cells
What are myeloid cells?
any cell that derives from the bone marrow
Why are platelets mainly found in mammals?
They evolved to stop haemorrhage during childbirth
