Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MRCS > H&N - Neck > Flashcards

H&N - Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior surface marking of C1 to C7

A

C1 Hard palate

C2 Angle of mandible

C3 Hyoid bone

C4 Thyroid notch

C5 Thyroid

C6 Cricoid

C7 Upper tracheal rings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Level of common carotid bibfurcation

A

C3-C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Level of end of pharynx/larynx start of oesophagus/trachea

A

C5/6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where do you do a tracheostomy

A

Emergency situation: Cricothyroid membrane

Normally: 2nd tracheal ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fascia in neck

A

Investing

Prevertebral

Pretracheal

Carotid sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Layers that cut through for a tracheostomy

A

Skin

Subcut fat

Platysma

Investing fascia

Strap musclues (usually pulled away: eg sternohyoid and thyrohyoid)

Pretracheal fascia

Trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fascial spaces

A

Pretracheal

Retropharyngeal

Prevertebral layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which vessels form external jugular vein

A

Posterior retromandibular and posterior auricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Course of external jugular vein

A

Passes down in the superficial fascia, superficial to sternocleidomastoid

Pierces invesiting fascia, superior to clavicle, posterior to sternocleidomastoid

Enters subclavian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vessels tributing to external jugular vein

A

Posterior external jugular

Transverse cervical

Supra scapular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anterior jugular vein

A

Form at hyoid level,

Pierces investing fascia

Drains into subclavian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Anterior neck triangles

A

Submental

Submandibular

Carotid

Muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Submental triangle boundaries

A

Mandibular symphysis

Anterior belly of digastric

Body of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Content of submental triangle

A

Submental nodes

Tributaries forming anterior jugular vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Submandibular triangle boundaries

A

Lower border of mandible

Anterior belly of digastric

Posterior belly of digastric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Submandibular triangle content

A

Submandibular gland

Submandibular lymph nodes

Hypoglossal nerve

Mylohyoid nerve

Facial artery and vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Carotid triangle boundaries

A

Posterior belly of digastric

Superior belly of omohyoid

Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Carotid triangle content

A

Common, internal and external carotid arteries

Internal jugular vein, Common facial vein

Cervical branch of facial, CN10,11,12, ansa cervicalis transverse cervical nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Muscular triangle boundaries

A

Midline

Sternocleidomastoid

Superior belly of omohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Muscular triangle content

A

Muscles: Sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid

Thyroid, Parathyroid

Pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid

Digastric

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Function of suprahyoid muscles

A

elevate hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid

A

Facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Innervation of digastric muscle

A

Anterior: mylohyoid (V3)
Posterior: facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid

A

Mylohyoid nerve (V3)

26
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid

A

C1 ( carried along CN11)

27
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

AKA strap muscles

Sternohyoid

Omohyoid

Thyrohyoid

Sternothyroid

28
Q

Attachment of omohyoid muscle

A

hyoid to scapula

Has an intermediate tendon which runs through a sling attached to clavicle

29
Q

Action of infrahyoid muscles

A

depresses hyoid

30
Q

Strap muscles blood supply

A

Segmental supply from both superior and inferior thyroid arteries

31
Q

Innervation of infrahyoid muscles

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

32
Q

Ansa cervicalis roots

A

C1-C3

33
Q

Which muscles does ansa cervicalis innervate

A

GHost THought SOmeone Stupid Shot Irene

GenioHyoid
ThyroidHyoid
Superior Omohyoid
SternoThyroid
SternoHyoid
Inferior Omohyoid

34
Q

Ansa cervicalis relations

A

Superior part crosses internal carotid

Inferior part crosses internal jugular

35
Q

Vertebral level of hyoid

A

C3

36
Q

Vertebral level of thyroid

A

C4

37
Q

Vertebral level of cricoid

A

C5

38
Q

Lower border of cricoid landmark significance

A

Junction of:

Larynx and trachea

Pharynx and oesophagus

Inferior thyroid artery and thyroid gland

39
Q

Thyroid gland relations

A

Enclosed in pretracheal fascia with trachea and recurrent laryngeal nerve

Lateral: carotid sheath Internal carotid, Internal jugular, Vagus

Accessory lobe: pyramidal from isthmus

40
Q

Arterial supply to thyroid gland

A

Superior thyroid artery (external carotid artery)

Inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk artery)

10% of people: Thyroid ima a. (branch of brachiocephalic)

41
Q

Venous drainage of thyroid

A

Superior and middle thyroid veins (Into IJV)

Inferior thyroid vein (into brachiocephalic vein)

42
Q

Path of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

On right: loops around subclavian

On left: loops around aortic arch

43
Q

Posterior traingle subdivisions

A

Occipital triangle

Omoclavicular triange

44
Q

Nerves of posterior triangle

A

Accessory nerve

Phrenic nerve

Three trunks of the brachial plexus

Branches of the cervical plexus: Supraclavicular nerve, transverse cervical nerve, great auricular nerve, lesser occipital nerve

45
Q

Blood vessels of posterior triangle

A

External jugular vein

subclavian artery

46
Q

Cervical plexus

A
47
Q

Termination of lymphatic trunks

A

Subclavian vein

48
Q

Lymph nodes of the neck

A
49
Q

Atlas Axis articulation

A

Dens inserts anterior to spinal cord

50
Q

Which cranial nerve lies anterior to the carotid sheath

A

CN12

51
Q

Position of cervical sympathetic chain

A

between carotid sheath and prevertebral fascia

52
Q

Muscles of the back of neck

A

Note splenius (from spinous process c7 to t3 to posterior mastoid process)

53
Q

What is Erb’s point

A

Half way along the length of sternocleoidmastoid where cervical plexus emerges through the prevetebral fascia

The point used to find accessory nerve: great auricular disappears behind this point and CN11 is found 1cm above it (need to identify in level 5 neck dissection)

54
Q

How many neck dissection levels

A

7

55
Q

Omohyoid a useful landmark in neck dissection

A

Between level 3 and 4

56
Q

Unilateral vs bilateral damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

Unilateral: Difficulty speaking

Bilateral: stridor/difficulty breathing

57
Q

Consequence of damage to the external laryngeal nerve

A

Loss of low pitch voice

58
Q

Parathyroid gland position

A

Both usually lie posterior

Superior found at level of 1st tracheal ring posterior to thyroid

Inferior position less reliable. Sometimes behind inferior pole, sometimes within thyroid gland itself sometimes within the mediastinum

59
Q

Parathyroid gland arterial supply

A

All 4 glands receive blood from the inferior thyroid arteries

Superior glands also receive from superior thyroid arteries

60
Q

Parathyroid venous drainage

A

Superior middle and inferior thyroid veins.

MRCS (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions