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2018 MM > Gloss over it (BH10-24-2018) > Flashcards

Gloss over it (BH10-24-2018) Flashcards

1
Q

data transmission scheme wherein the carrier is shifted in amplitude

A

ASK (amplitude shift keying)

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2
Q

a continuously varying signal with an unlimited number of possible values of amplitude and frequency

A

Analog signals

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3
Q

8 to 12 degree angled cut end

A

APC (angle polish connector)

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4
Q

data transmission that allows characters to be sent at irregular intervals by preceding each character with a 0 and by ending each character with a 1

A

asynchronous

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5
Q

the difference between transmitted and received power resulting from the loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices. usually expressed in dB

A

attenuation

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6
Q

a circuit that automatically adjusts the gain of an amplifier so that the output signal levels stay constant despite varying input levels

A

AGC (automatic gain control)

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7
Q

a high speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a network

A

backbone

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8
Q

light that is reflected back to the source and contributes to the optical fiber loss

A

backscattered light

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9
Q

number of changed states that can occur per second

A

Baud

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10
Q

smallest unit of computerized dat

A

binary digit (bit)

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11
Q

constrained to have two states (on and off)

A

binary format

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12
Q

a set of bits that represent a single character

A

byte

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13
Q

a unit consisting of various hardware and software entities that acts as a hand off point between the HFC and internet

A

CMTS

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14
Q

a continuous wave frequency onto which information is modulated for transport

A

carrier frequency

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15
Q

the glass material surrounding the fiber core. has a lower refractive index and reflects the light back into the core

A

cladding

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16
Q

a device that scores and then breaks the optical fiber

A

cleaver

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17
Q

acrylic or plastic material applied over the cladding and core. protects the fiber and adds to its strength

A

coating

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18
Q

a clustering of beats 1.25 Mhz above the visual carriers

A

CSO (composite second order)

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19
Q

a form of interference or noise resulting from the mixing of all of the various carriers in a CATV network

A

CTB (composite triple beat)

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20
Q

a graphic depiction of the 4 phase states of a quadrature shift key signal

A

constellation diagram

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21
Q

the center of the fiber that carries the transmitted light

A

core

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22
Q

a steam of atomic nuclei that enters the earths atmosphere at speeds approaching that of light

A

cosmic rays

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23
Q

allows multiple wavelengths above and below a center wavelength to be carried on a single optical fiber

A

Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM)

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24
Q

a device that converts an amount of light to a power level

A

detector

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25
Q

discontinuous signal whose various states are discrete intervals apart

A

digital signal

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26
Q

device used to convert a analog signal to a digital signal

A

digitizer

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27
Q

separates and combines based on frequency

A

diplex filter

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28
Q

an analyzer setting that allows for testing modulated carriers

A

gated mode

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29
Q

one billion cycles per second

A

gigahertz

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30
Q

having or relating to a frequency below the audibility range of the human ear

A

infrasonic

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31
Q

noise caused by inherent instabilities within a laser

A

RIN (relative intensity noise)

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32
Q

the part of the packet that contains the data being sent

A

payload

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33
Q

an alternate feed used as a backup it contains the same info as the primary configuration but is routed in a different path

A

redundant

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34
Q

provision for connection to a device such as a tap, splitter, STB, or computer

A

Port

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35
Q

the square root of the sum of the squares of the amplitude of individual components of a function, such as frequency components of a signal

A

RMS (root means square)

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36
Q

3 most basic functions of any spectrum analyzer

A

frequency, span, amplitude

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37
Q

digital modulation wherein the frequency of the carrier is shifted

A

FSK (frequency shift keying)

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38
Q

cumulative effect of the return path distortions, they are added to the signal at carious locations in the HFC network

A

Funnel effect

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39
Q

method of joining 2 optical fibers of the same type using an elctrical arc to form a precision splice

A

fusion splicing

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40
Q

an analyzer setting that allows for testing modulated carriers

A

gated mode

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41
Q

analyzer feature that allows intrusive tests to be performed in a non-intrusive manner

A

gated testing

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42
Q

one billion cycles per second

A

gigahertz

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43
Q

device used to combine the channels for entry onto the cable or fiber optic transmitter

A

head end combiner

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44
Q

a facility between the headend and the customer that performs many of the functions of the head end.

A

Hubsite

45
Q

the 4 part numeric address that is assigned to a computer or an account as an identification tool

A

internet protocol address (IP)

46
Q

a device that generates a light source used in optical fiber communication

A

LASER

47
Q

fibers are contained in a plasti tube much larger than the optical fibers. fibers can move freely within the tube

A

Loose tube

48
Q

a temporary joining of 2 optical fibers of the same type using a plastic form to hold and lock the fibers together higher splice loss than fusion splic

A

mechanical splice

49
Q

the process of varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of a carrier to be instep with the instantaneous value of the modulating waveform

A

modulation

50
Q

an electrical or optical process that combines several individual signals or wavelengths into a single carrier or path

A

multiplexing

51
Q

one billionth of a meter

A

nanometer

52
Q

specifications standard approved by the fcc in 1953 for commercial analog color TV broadcasting

A

NTSC (national television standards committee)

53
Q

a computer circuit board installed in a computer so that the computer can be connected to a network. provides a dedicated, full-time connection to a network.

A

NIC (network interface card)

54
Q

the lowest possible power level determined by the thermal noise generated within the electrical components being tested

A

noise floor

55
Q

in order to obtain an accurate recreation of a signal it must be sampled at a rate of at least the highest frequency

A

nyquists rule

56
Q

an extremely thin flexible thread of pure cladding glass able to carry millions of times the information of a traditional copper wire and do it over greater distances

A

optical fiber

57
Q

measurement based on the equivalent heating power of the light. measured in dBm

A

optical power

58
Q

device used to test the optical power. it converts the amount of light present to a dBm level

A

optical power meter

59
Q

3 types of optical power meters

A

Silicon (Si)
Germanium (Ge)
Indium-Gallium Arsenide (In-Ga-As)

60
Q

found within the optical node or in the head end where information modulated onto the downstream and upstream light carriers are recovered

A

optical receiver

61
Q

test equipment used to visually see the losses, breaks, and distance measurements in an optical link

A

OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer)

62
Q

similar in function to a hubsite but serving fewer customers

A

OTN (optical transition node)

63
Q

provides the means to modulate to RF carriers on to a coherent beam of light is then coupled to the fiber optic cables for routing to the systems fiber nodes or other optical receivers where carriers are recovered

A

Optical Transmitter

64
Q

loss of service to our customers due to a fault in the delivery network

A

outage

65
Q

an extra bit added to help check if the data being transferred is correct

A

parity bit

66
Q

fiber based network which use passive splitters to deliver signals to multiple locations

A

PON (passive optical network)

67
Q

a board for making optical connections consisting of sleeves used to line up 2 connectors

A

patch panel

68
Q

the highest power level (amplitude) reached by a carrier

A

Peak

69
Q

used to detect light from an optical fiber and convert the light to an electrical source

A

photo diode

70
Q

attached optical fiber from the device to an optical connector

A

pigtail

71
Q

a photo diode used to detect light from an optical fiber and converts the light to an electrical source

A

pin diode

72
Q

a switch or collection of switches connecting multiple networks

A

POP (point of presence)

73
Q

provision for connection to a device such as a tap, splitter, set top box or computer

A

Port

74
Q

digital modulation scheme that changes the phase and the amplitude

A

QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation)

75
Q

the ratio of the velocity of light of 2 mediums of optical glass

A

Refractive index

76
Q

usually a passive device such as a splitter or directional coupler used to combine radio frequency signals from one source with those from another

A

RF combiner

77
Q

the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum used to send and receive telecom signals over the air

A

RF spectrum

78
Q

divides a signal into 2 equal paths

A

splitter

79
Q

network architecture where nodes, hubs, or head ends may be connected with fiber optic cables to provide redundancy or increase services

A

Ring

80
Q

required to “ring” the phone, typically between 70 and 90 volts at 17 to 20Hz

A

ringing voltage

81
Q

the square root of the sum of the squares of the amplitude of individual components of a function, such as frequency components of a signal

A

RMS (root means square)

82
Q

device used to wrap and store excess fiber in an aerial location

A

snowshoe

83
Q

a cabinet or rack that houses the splices of the outside plant fiber to the inside headend, node or OTN fiber

A

Splice Panel

84
Q

central data point communicating with end points of a network. all data communications must flow through the central point

A

Star

85
Q

device that opens or breaks a circuit path in a telephone call. looks at the incoming data and determines where the data should get routed

A

Switch

86
Q

used in synchronous transmissions to maintain synchronization between transmitter and receiver

A

sync bits

87
Q

condition that occurs when 2 events happen in a specific time relationship with each other and both are under control of a master clock. characters are spaced by time not start/stop bits. fewer bits=less time to transmit

A

synchronous

88
Q

used to test for impedance mismatches (discontinuities) on coaxial cable

A

TDR (time domain reflectometer)

89
Q

1 trillion hertz

A

THz

90
Q

modulating technique that interweaves multiple conversations based on time

A

TDMA (time division multiple access)

91
Q

10log(average symbol power/average error power)

A

MER (dB)

92
Q

cable loss + passive loss

A

total loss

93
Q

starting level - total loss

A

expected level

94
Q

amplitude vs. time

A

oscilliscope

95
Q

amplitude vs. frequency

A

analyzer

96
Q

percentage of light passed by each port

A

optical splitters

97
Q

CMTS Modem = transmit levels

A

Long loop AGC

98
Q

390nM-780nM

A

visible light

99
Q

0 to 12 Hz

A

infrasonic

100
Q

(8x10-21)

A

cosmic rays

101
Q

4-13GHz

A

satellite

102
Q

1271nM-1611nM

A

CWDM

103
Q

digital carrier RMS/ noise floor RMS=

A

carrier to noise

104
Q

errored bits vs. total bits per second

A

BER

105
Q

10LOG(mw)

A

dBm

106
Q

2ndLOG (dBm/10)

A

mW

107
Q

20LOG (E(mv)/1) or 20LOG (E1(mv)/E2(mv))

A

dBmv

108
Q

10LOG P1/P2 10 times the log10 power of p1/p2

A

dB

2018 MM (59 decks)

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