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MOD 4 - Pharmacology > GIT Drugs > Flashcards

GIT Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

Mg(OH)2
fast acting, short duration
s/e: diarrhea

antacid

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2
Q

aluminum hydroxide

A

Al(OH)2
fast acting, short duration
s/e: constipation

antacid

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3
Q

sodium bicarbonate

A

systemic effects
s/e:
belching (CO2)
worsen htn (Na containing)
milk alkali syndrome (alkalosis)

antacid

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4
Q

calcium carbonate

A

systemic effects
s/e:
belching
hypercalcemia (Ca containing)
may cause kidney stones

antacid

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5
Q

cimetidine

A

1st h2s blocker
contains imidazole ring
s/e: endocrine (alopecia, impotence, irreg mens)

h2s antagonist

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6
Q

famotidine

A

contains thiazole ring
h2s antagonist

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7
Q

nizatidine

A

contains thiazole ring
h2s antagonist

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8
Q

ranitidine

A

mostly used
contains furan ring
less se, better bioavailability

h2s antagonist

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9
Q

mainstay tx & DOC for hyperacidity

A

proton pump inhibitors
irreversibly blocks PP (takes 18-24 hrs to produce new PP)

3-4 days treatment

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10
Q

omeprazole

A

lowest bioavailability, cheapest

interaction w/ clopidogrel:
omep - cyp inh
clopidogrel - activated by cyp
need 2-3 hrs interval

prodrug
proton pump inhibitor

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11
Q

esomeprazole

A

prodrug
proton pump inhibitor

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12
Q

lansoprazole

A

highest bioavailability
prodrug
proton pump inhibitor

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13
Q

pantoprazole

A

prodrug
proton pump inhibitor

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14
Q

rabeprazole

A

prodrug
proton pump inhibitor

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15
Q

misoprostol

A

PGE analogue
inc mucus/HCO3

CI: pregnancy

mucosal protectant

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16
Q

sucralfate

A

aluminum sucrose sulfate
very short acting
ADR: constipation

mucosal protectant

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17
Q

rebamipide

A

Mucosta
new gen
less se

mucosal protectant

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18
Q

bismuth salts

A

reduce stool frequency and liquidity

forms:
salicylates (ASA allergy)
citrates
subcitrates

ADR: black stool, black gum & tongue
mucosal protectant

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19
Q

pilocarpine

A

inc ACh
cholinergic agonist
inc gastric motility

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20
Q

betanechol

A

inc ACh
cholinergic agonist
inc gastric motility

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21
Q

neostigmine

A

inc ACh
cholinergic agonist
inc gastric motility

22
Q

metoclopramide

A

crosses bbb (s/e: EPS)

dec dopamine
d2 antagonist
inc gastric motility

23
Q

domperidone

A

does not cross bbb (adults)
crossess bbb (children & pregnant)
before meals

indication: antiemetic for children, post partum lactation for pregnant

dec dopamine
d2 antagonist
inc gastric motility

24
Q

erythromycin

A

macrolide; parenteral
promotes release of motilin
inc gastric motility

25
Q

methylcellulose

A

Citrucel
bulk forming laxative

26
Q

psyllium

A

Metamucil
bulk forming laxative

27
Q

polycarbophil

A

bulk forming laxative

28
Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

milk of magnesia

causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

osmotic laxative

29
Q

lactulose

A

causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

saccharide
osmotic laxative

30
Q

sorbitol

A

causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

saccharide
osmotic laxative

31
Q

glycerin

A

suppository
causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

osmotic laxative

32
Q

NaSO4 & KSO4

A

causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

osmotic laxative

33
Q

NaPO4, KPO4

A

causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

osmotic laxative

34
Q

magnesium hydroxide/citrate/sulfate

A

causes duodenal secretion of cholecystokinia (fluid sec motility)

saline
osmotic laxative (PO, enema)

35
Q

docusate salts

A

Colace; Modane Soft
surfactant/emollient laxative or stool softener

36
Q

phenopthalein

A

Ex-Lax, Feen-a-Mint, Correctol

inc peristalsis
diphenylmethane derivative
stimulant laxative

37
Q

bisacodyl

A

Dulcolax

inc peristalsis
diphenylmethane derivative
stimulant laxative

38
Q

cascara sagrada

A

inc peristalsis
anthraquinone derivative
stimulant laxative

39
Q

sennoside

A

inc peristalsis
anthraquinone derivative
stimulant laxative

40
Q

casanthrol

A

inc peristalsis
anthraquinone derivative
stimulant laxative

41
Q

castor oil

A

active: ricinoleic acid
inc peristalsis
stimulant laxative

42
Q

mineral oil

A

lubricant laxative

43
Q

Al(OH)3-Mg(OH)2-simethicone

A

antiflatulent

44
Q

polyethylene glycol

A

bowel evacuant

45
Q

sodium phosphate

A

Fleet Phospho-Soda
bowel evacuant

46
Q

Pentasa

A

can be used for the inflammation of whole intestine to rectum

5-ASA
aminosalicylates
tx of IBD (either chron’s or ulcerative colitis)

47
Q

Asacol

A

5-ASA
aminosalicylates
tx of IBD (either chron’s or ulcerative colitis)

48
Q

Lialda

A

5-ASA
aminosalicylates
tx of IBD (either chron’s or ulcerative colitis)

49
Q

balsalazide

A

5-ASA bound by an azo (n=n)
aminosalicylates
tx of IBD (either chron’s or ulcerative colitis)

50
Q

olsalazine

A

5-ASA bound by an azo (n=n)
aminosalicylates
tx of IBD (either chron’s or ulcerative colitis)

51
Q

sulfasalazine

A

higher incidence of SE

5-ASA bound by an azo (n=n)
aminosalicylates
tx of IBD (either chron’s or ulcerative colitis)

MOD 4 - Pharmacology (19 decks)

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