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MOD 4 - Pharmacology > Anesthetic Agents > Flashcards

Anesthetic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

nitrous oxide

A

fastest onset but least potent
ADR: coughing, laughing

inhaled
general anesthesia

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2
Q

halothane

A

hepatotoxic
inhaled
general anesthesia

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3
Q

desflurane

A

causes the most bronchoconstriction
CI: asthma
dec BP = reflex tachycardia
nephrotoxic

inhaled
general anesthesia

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4
Q

isoflurane

A

dec BP = reflex tachycardia
nephrotoxic

inhaled
general anesthesia

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5
Q

enflurane

A

nephrotoxic

inhaled
general anesthesia

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6
Q

sevoflurane

A

nephrotoxic

inhaled
general anesthesia

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7
Q

methoxyflurane

A

slow onset but most potent
used for mothers

nephrotoxic

inhaled
general anesthesia

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8
Q

propofol

A

Diprivan
milk of amnesia (vehicle: soya)
CI: soya allergy
short acting (inc GABA)

intravenous
general anesthesia

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9
Q

thiopental

A

barbiturate (inc duration of cl channel opening)
ultra short acting

intravenous
general anesthesia

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10
Q

midazolam

A

short acting benzodiazepine
(inc frequency of cl channel opening)

intravenous
general anesthesia

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11
Q

ketamine

A

only CV stimulant
NMDA (nmethyl d-aspartate (-)) = aspartate

dissociative anesthesia

intravenous
general anesthesia

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12
Q

dissociative anesthesia

A

ketamine

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13
Q

only cv stimulant (iv general anesthetic)

A

ketamine

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14
Q

used for mothers

A

methoxyflurane

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15
Q

used for induction of anesthesia

A

iv general anesthesia (faster onset)

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16
Q

all local anesthesias are cvs/cns depressants except

A

cocaine

17
Q

all local anesthesias are vasodilators except

A

cocaine

18
Q

all local anesthesias are synthetic except

A

cocaine

19
Q

properties of local anesthesia

A

amphibilic (polar & nonpolar sides)
na channel blocker
weak bases

20
Q

procaine

A

local anesthesia
ester (degraded by plasma esterase)
shorter action

21
Q

tetracaine

A

local anesthesia
ester (degraded by plasma esterase)
shorter action

22
Q

cocaine

A

local anesthesia
ester (degraded by plasma esterase)
shorter action

23
Q

benzocaine

A

local anesthesia
ester (degraded by plasma esterase)
shorter action

24
Q

dyclonine

A

local anesthesia
ester (degraded by plasma esterase)
shorter action

25
Q

lidocaine

A

local anesthesia
amide (degraded by hepatic amidase)
longer action

26
Q

mepivacaine

A

local anesthesia
amide (degraded by hepatic amidase)
longer action

27
Q

bupivacaine

A

local anesthesia
amide (degraded by hepatic amidase)
longer action

28
Q

prilocaine

A

local anesthesia
amide (degraded by hepatic amidase)
longer action

29
Q

articaine

A

local anesthesia
amide (degraded by hepatic amidase)
longer action

30
Q

EMLA

A

eutectic mixture of local anesthetic
Lidocaine + Prilocaine

topical anesthetic (for chemo & dialysis)

prilocaine - causes methemoglobinemia)

31
Q

long acting local anesthetics

A

etidocaine
mepivacaine
((amides))

MOD 4 - Pharmacology (19 decks)

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