Gilded Age People Flashcards by Katherine Appel

Jane Addams

Social reformer

Founder of the Settlement House Movement

Hull House built in the slums of Chicago

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Alexander Berkman

Anarchist

Tried to kill industrialist HC Frick

Left for Russia

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Anthony Comstock

Reformer

Passage of Comstock Law which was concerned with obscenity in US mail

Banned publications with low morals and profanity

Convicted people on moral charges and vices

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Ignatius Donnelly

Leader of the Populist party

Minnesota congressmen

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Hamlin Garland

Novelist who wrote about hardworking midwesterners

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Eugene V. Debs

Leader of American Railroad Union during the Pullman strike

Arrested because he prevented the mail from being delivered (injunction)

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Washington Gladden

Congregational Church leader

Used Christianity to fix problems in factories and slums

“Social Gospel”, Sermon on the Mount was the science of society

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Richard Olney

Attorney General and Secretary of State under Grover Cleveland

Wrote cookbooks

Encouraged dispatching FEDERAl troops during Pullman strike

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Terence V. Powderly

Leader of the Knights of Labor

Led many strikes for the 8 hour workday

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Cornelius Vanderbilt

Made millions in the steamboat industry

Made cheaper and stronger railroads with steel

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Samuel Gompers

President of the American Federation of Labor

Wanted cooperation between management and labor

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Mother Jones

Devoted her life to the cause of workers

Leader of the Women’s Labor Movement

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Carl Schurz

Wanted the merit system

major proponent of Civil Service Reform

Founder of the New York Evening Post

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Henry Clay Frick

Largest coke-producing firms

Made an alliance with the Carnegie Brothers

Chairman during the Homestead Strike

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Frank Norris

American Norris

Wrote about the lives of ordinary people

Naturalist

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Jacob Coxey

Led unemployed workers to march from Ohio to Washington to draw attention to the plight of workers

Demonstrated the effects of the Panic of 1893

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Jay Gould

Cornered the gold market

On Black Friday the gold market collapsed and he forced the government to buy gold

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Allan Pinkerton

Founder of the Pinkerton Detectives

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Benjamin Harrison

Republican president 1888

Opened the Billion Dollar Congress, which used up federal surplus by giving Civil War pensions

Supported a high protective tarriff

Frederick Law Olmsted

American landscape architect

Improved the environment of cities

Created Central Park

W.E.B DuBois

More militant than Booker T. Washington

Demanded complete social and economic equality for blacks

Helped found the NAACP

Booker T. Washington

Head of Tuskegee Institute

Said to accept segregation for the time being and rise up through hard work and education

William Dean Howells

Editor in chief of Atlantic Monthly

Wrote about stories of reformers in NYC

Wrote about controversial issues like divorce

Marcus A Hanna

Wealthy and conservative businessman

He ran McKinley’s front porch campaign in 1896

William McKinley

Defeated Williams Jennings Bryan in election of 1896 Supported a high protective tariff Opposed unlimited silver Conservative Republican

Emma Goldman

Russian immigrant and anarchist Fought against capitalism and supported strikes

Grover Cleveland

1884 elected president Democrat Favored low tariff 2 non-consecutive terms

George W. Plunkitt

New York state senator Tammany Hall ring Presented the theory of "honest gaft" and using power to make money was fair

Helen Hunt Jackson

Writer Known for her books about Native Americans/Indians

Horatio Alger

American writer and minister Chaplain of a lodging house for newsboys in NYC Wrote about getting things through merit and not because born rich

Henry George

Wrote Our land and Lord Policy Argued that the boom in the West was actually making most people poor and only a few rich Book Progress and Poverty further developed this idea

Thomas Nast

Cartoonist for Harper's Weekly Powerful cartoons attacking the corrupt Tammany Hall

John D. Rockefeller

Robber baron CEO of Standard Oil corporation Horizontal integration

William Jennings Bryan

Cross of Gold speech Speech was about the coinage of silver Ran for president lots of time (democrat)

Edward Bellamy

Published Looking Backward which depicted a socialistic society in the year 2000 Utopian socialism became moderately popular

Thomas Edison

Invented the electric light in 1879 Patented tons of things like the phonograph and moving picture

Mary Elizabeth Lease

Upbraided the moneyed aristocracy and denouncing the government for be influenced by Wall Street Member of the Populist Party "Raise less corn and more hell"

Joseph Pulitzer

Used color comic supplements that gave the name of "yellow journalism" to his scandalous paper

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Helped form the American Women's Suffrage Association Wanted women's suffrage to be included in the 14th amendment

JP Morgan

Powerful banker Eventually bought Carnegie Steel Lent money to the government during the economic depression of 1893

"Coin" Harvey

Wrote the Silverites most influential piece of propaganda Used common terms Insisted that silver would eliminate debt

Ida Tarbell

McClure's muckraker who exposed Standard Oil

Chief Joseph

Led the Nez Pearce to Canada instead of reservations US troops came and brought them back to reservations

Chester Arthur

Took over when Garfield was assassinated Signed the Pendleton Act for Civil Service Reform

George A. Custer

Discovered gold in the Black Hills of South Dakota His calvary division was decimated by the Sioux at Little Big Horn

William James

Helped to create the Philosophical foundations for America Pragmatism: practical application of using philosophical ideas to improve society