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APUSH > Chapter 19 > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

The importance of Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

It made the North sympathize with the slaves

It also made foreign powers not want to support the South

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2
Q

New England Emigrant Aid Company

A

Paid for Northerners to settle in Kansas in order to sway the polls

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3
Q

Lawrence

A

Was the town in Kansas where things erupted

Proslavery supporters were shot

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4
Q

Pottawatomie Creek

A

John Brown’s first strike in Kansas

He hacked 5 proslavery supporters to death

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5
Q

Lecompton Constitution

A

Presented by proslavery forces

People could vote for the constitution with slavery or without slavery

Even if the voted no to slavery the document still had provisions to keep existing slaves

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6
Q

What does Douglas do during Bleeding Kansas?

A

He throws away any Southern support he had by fighting for true popular sovereignty to be carried out

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7
Q

How does the Democratic party split?

A

Buchanan sympathizes with the Northern Democrats, like Douglas, and this makes the Southern Democrats mad

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8
Q

Sumner vs. Brooks

A

After Bleeding Kansas

Charles Sumner speaks incredibly lowly about Southerners

Preston Brooks beats him badly with his cane

Overall: Further separated the North and the South

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9
Q

Election of 1856 candidates

A

Democrats: James Buchanan

Republicans: Captain John C. Fremont

Know-Nothing: Millard Fillmore

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10
Q

Captain John C. Fremont

A

1856 Republican nominee

Used to be a great Western explorer

Accused of being a Catholic which hurt his chances at the presidency

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11
Q

Why did Fremont lose?

A

Many Northerners were scared into voting for Buchanan because the Democrats threatened to secede if they did not

The North still wanted to protect their business and did not want the South to secede

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12
Q

Chief Justice Taney’s decision

A

Extra-part of the Dred Scott decision

Not only did they say he was not a citizen, they said that a slave could be taken into ANY territory and legally held there in slavery

Violates the Missouri Compromise and idea of popular sovereignty

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13
Q

What caused the financial crash of 1857?

A

Inpouring of gold from California caused inflation

Over-speculation of land for grain

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14
Q

Who was the hardest hit in the financial crash of 1857? What do they demand?

A

The Northern grain growers

They want free farms

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15
Q

Who was the least hit in the financial crash of 1857?

A

Southern cotton growers

Reinforces the idea that Cotton is King

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16
Q

Which groups oppose free farms?

A

Industrialists: thought their employees would take the land and leave them

The South: slavery could not flourish on only 160 acres of land

17
Q

What did the economic crash of 1857 give the Republican party?

A

Two ballot issues

  1. Free farms
  2. Higher tariffs
18
Q

Who is the “Little Giant”?

A

Stephen Douglas

19
Q

Who wins the race for the Senator of Illinois?

A

Stephen Douglas

20
Q

Freeport Doctrine

A

Douglas’s response to Lincoln questioning that popular sovereignty violates Dred v. Scott

Douglas states that no matter what the Supreme Court says slavery will stay down if the people vote it down

21
Q

How did the senator race help Lincoln?

A

It put him into national limelight

It made the North like him because he fought against slavery in the debates

It made Douglas make more enemies

22
Q

Who arrested John Brown at Harper’s Ferry?

A

Robert E. Lee

23
Q

Significance of John Brown

A

After he was hung, people cared about him more

North that it was cruel that the South executed

The South thought the North was fanatical

24
Q

Split of the Democrats

A

The Democrats are starting to break apart

Douglas is liked in the North

Breckenridge is supported in the South

25
Q

“First secession” of the Democrats

A

left the Democrat National Convention in Charleston when Douglas was the leading candidate

26
Q

Who nominated John Bell for the presidency?

A

A middle of the road group that was composed of old Whigs and Know-Nothing Party members

They wanted a compromise candidate

27
Q

Why did the free-soilers support the Republican party?

A

Nonextension of slavery into the new territories

28
Q

Why did the northern manufactures support the Republican party?

A

Promised a higher protective tariff

29
Q

Why did the immigrant support the Republican party?

A

No abridgment of rights

30
Q

Why did the Westerners support the Republican party?

A

They were promised a Pacific railroad

They were promised internal improvements at the Federal level

31
Q

Why did farmers support the Republican party?

A

Free farms!

32
Q

Was Lincoln a majority favorite in the election of 1860?

A

No

60% of voters preferred another candidate. Lincoln just acquired the most electoral votes

33
Q

What was the immediate reason for South Carolina’s secession?

A

Lincoln was elected

They felt that the North controlled the Union now

34
Q

Lame duck interlude

A

The South seceded before Lincoln became President

James Buchanan did nothing to stop the states that seceded. Many still believed that the tensions could be worked out diplomatically

35
Q

Henry Crittenden

A

A lot like Henry Clay, also from Kentucky

He tries to compromise

36
Q

Crittenden Amendments to the Constitution

A

Makes slavery illegal above the 36º 30’ parallel

Protects slavery in the South

Does not pass

37
Q

What is Lincoln constantly trying to protect?

A

The Border States

He does not want them to join the South

38
Q

Did Southerners see a problem with seceding?

A

No.

George Washington had done it

They thought they had the right to voluntarily leave the Union just as they had voluntarily entered the Union

APUSH (22 decks)

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