Chapters 34 and 35

Question 1

London Economic Conference

Answer 1

Roosevelt does not want exchange rate stabilization because he wants to protect American economy

This ends the conference

Question 2

Why do we liberate the Phillipines?

Answer 2

It was too expensive, especially with the Great Depression

We did it for our own economy, not to help them

Question 3

Good Neighbor Policy

Answer 3

wants to keep Latin American neighbors happy incase the Americas are invaded

he renounces the use of the Roosevelt Corollary

Question 4

Platt Amendment Repealed

Answer 4

Fulgencio Batista rises to power in Cuba and Cuba is released from the Platt Amendment

Question 5

Mexican oil and the Good Neighbor Policy

Answer 5

Mexican government seized American oil properties

Oil tycoons demanded for them to be returned at any cost

Roosevelt resisted their demands and peacefully settled the conflict

Question 6

Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act

Answer 6

under Roosevelt

lowers the Hawley-Smoot tariff by amending it

believes trade is a two way street

Question 7

Nye Committee

Answer 7

Blames America’s entry into World War I was based on munition manufactures who wanted to make money off the war

Question 8

Congress vs. Roosevelt Order

Answer 8

1. Congress passes neutrality acts that certain restrictions automatically go into affect once the president declares war
2. Japan invades China
3. Roosevelt does not call it an official war, so he can send a trickle of supplies to the Chinese
4. Germany invades Poland
5. Neutrality Act of 1939. European democracies can buy American weapons on “cash and carry” basis
6. Roosevelt gives old WWI ships to British
7. Lend Lease Act

Question 9

Spanish Civil War

Answer 9

Franco is supported by Hitler and Mussolini

Loyalist government is supported by Soviets

America applies an embargo on both parties to stay neutral (actually helps Franco)

Question 10

Roosevelt’s Quarantine Speech

Answer 10

Response to Italian and Japanese aggression

calls to quarantine the aggressors by economic embargoes

Question 11

National backlash to Quarantine Speech

Answer 11

isolationists thought that an economic quarantine would lead to military intervention

Roosevelt resorts to less direct means to curb the dictators

Question 12

Panay

Answer 12

American gunboat sunk by the Japanese

Japanese apologize, but since they did they build up more rage towards the “entitled” Americans

Question 13

Peacetime draft spark

Answer 13

Hitler captures France

Makes the Americans realize how strong the Germans are

Question 14

Havana Conference of 1940

Answer 14

The United States extends the Monroe Doctrine to other New World Nations

Multilateral document now

Question 15

Election of 1940

Answer 15

Wendell Wilkie, a liberal Republican, is nominated. Wilkie delivers hundreds of speeches

Wilkie agreed with the New Deal and Roosevelt’s foreign policy, just objected to the methods

The big question was should Roosevelt have a third term?

Roosevelt wins

Question 16

Lend Lease Act

Answer 16

America will be an arsenal of democracy

Give the Allies what they need to win the war

Showed that the US was not neutral

Geared factories for wartime production

Question 17

Robin Moor

Answer 17

an unarmed American merchant ship that was torpedoed by the Germans after the Lend Lease Act was passed

Question 18

Greer, Kearny, Reuben James

Answer 18

helping to escort Lend Lease supplies

they were torpedoed by the Germans

led to the repeal of the Neutrality Act of 1939, now merchant ships could be armed and enter combat zones

Question 19

Why did we not bomb concentration camps?

Answer 19

Wanted to focus resources on military bombings

idea that if you win the war, everyone will be saved

Question 20

Why did the Japanese decide to bomb Pearl Harbor?

Answer 20

Japan was dependent on American supplies to fight China with

When Roosevelt places embargo on the Japanese, they loose these critical supplies

At Washington Conference, US tries to tell Japan to withdraw from China and this offended them

Question 21

Challenges of mobilizing for war

Answer 21

Lack of time

America needed to start all-out war production

Have to start producing while hoping that the Allies are not getting attacked

Delicate balance of time

Question 22

Japanese Internment

Answer 22

Mostly in the west

110,000 Japanese moved to internment camps

Dignity of Japanese lost and also lots millions in seized property

Question 23

War Production Board

Answer 23

halted the making of nonessential goods

assigned priorities for transportation and raw materials

Question 24

Office of Price Administration

Answer 24

keep inflation down through rationing

Question 25

Smith-Conally Anti-Strike Act

Answer 25

authorized the federal government to seize any tied up industries

strikes against government-operated industry were a criminal offense

Question 26

Braceros

Answer 26

Since we were short on workers, Mexicans were brought in as migrant workers to farm the West

Question 27

African Americans in World War II

Answer 27

Often only allowed in service jobs

faced lots of discrimination

Double V: beat dictators abroad and racism at home

Question 28

Zoot Suit Clash

Answer 28

Mexicans wearing zoot suits are beat up by white sailors

Mexican president intervenes and says that this would make American look weak to the Germans

Question 29

Election of 1944

Answer 29

Republican: Dewey from New York (goes on speaking tour)

Democrat: Roosevelt

Big debate over if Wallace should be Roosevelt’s VP again. They decide on Truman.

CIO helped Roosevelt win

Question 30

Potsdam Conference

Answer 30

Truman meets with Stalin and British leaders

Japan had to surrender unconditionally or be destroyed