Gilded Age Concepts Flashcards by Katherine Appel

Old Immigrants

Great Britain

Germany

Ireland

Scandinavia

Netherlands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

New Immigrants

Italy

Austria

Hungary

Russia

Greece

Polands

Jews

Slovaks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

New Immigrants versus Old Immigrants

New immigrants are seen as outsiders since they keep many of their traditonal customs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sand Lotters

Unemployed California workers who gathered on the street and sand lots

They attacked the Chinese

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Contract Labor Law

Permitted American workers to employ foreigners during the Civil War, when all the American workers were fighting, but was later repealed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Problems faced by Farmers

bad weather

overproduction of grain leads to failing prices

high rates on railroads

deflation of currency

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The National Grange

after Panic of 1873, turned into a political party

Munn v. Illinois and Wabash v. Illinois

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Wabash v. Illinois

States cannot regulate commerce that goes beyond their boundaries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

National Farmer’s Alliance

Created nationwide network of farmers

Both black and white farmers

Urged higher inflation

Wanted better quality of rural life

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

National Alliance Convention Platform (the farmers)

Direct election of Senators

Lower tariff

Allow silver

Federal warehouses to store crops until market was favorable

Graduated income tax

Regulation of transportation and communication networks by gov

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who did the populists first run for president?

James B. Weaver

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Munn v. Illinois

the government has the power to regulate private industries

the 14th amendment does not apply to businesses in this case

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Horizontal integration

Build a monopoly

Get rid of competitors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Vertical Integration

Control all steps of the production process

ex: produce your own ships to transport supplies

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

trust

monopiles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Corporation

Business that is owned by investors with private shares

Business government relationship

For the most part, business was left alone (Laissez Faire)

Interstate Commerce Act was the first real law to interfere with business

Railroads supported with land from government

Nominees in 1896

Democrats nominate Bryan after Cross of Gold Speech (wants free silver)

Republicans nominate McKinley

Campaigns in 1896

Bryan travels around the country on train

McKinley stays at home and fights a front porch campaign financed by Mark Hanna

Bryan is hurt by rising wheat prices and McKinley wins

Sand Creek

Colorado militia kills Cheyenne women, children, and men

Wounded Knee

Massacre of the Sioux

Causes of Little Big Horn

Gold was found in the Black Hills

General Custer’s calvary moves in

Custer and his whole calvary are killed by the Sioux

Dawes Act

Split up Indian Reservation land

People thought they were doing good and giving Indians a better way of life

Policy was a failure

Turner Thesis

American democracy was formed by the American frontier

The tough spirit of the people who moved out there

Social Darwinism

Rich were the result of natural selection in society

Social Darwinism and religion

Some preachers said that you had to work your way up and if you were poor that was your fault?

The New South

Henry Grady was a big supporter The New South built more industry Textile mills were built by the cotton plantation, so the textile industry exploded

Gilded Age Economy

Huge gap between the rich and the poor Expanding Middle Class 2/3 of all workers worked for wages now

Problems of Urbanization

Crowded and unhealthy tenement housing (Jacob Riis takes pics of other half)

Settlement House Reform Movement

Wanted to better the effects of poverty by providing social services for people in the area Jane Addam's Hull House in Chicago Taught English, early childhood education, music and arts

Sherman Anti Trust Act

Prevents conspiracy in the restraint of trade and commerce United States v. E.C. Knight Co. says that the act can only be applied to industry not manufactors Often times this act was actually used to stop strikes that interfered with trade

Significance of election of 1890

ended the political stalemate made Republicans dominate Republicans became a party for industry and a strong government

Populist demise

Populist party declined after the election of 1896 Also, James Watson stops trying to unite the blacks and whites together under the party Nominated Bryan had lost African American supporters

Education

Growing support for tax supported public high schools Kindergarten Required to go to school 90% literacy rates by 1900

Gilded Age Literature

Realism and naturalism Mark Twain, Stephen Crane

Golden Age arts and architecture

Realistic and romantic paintings Skyscrapers and steel used in architecture

chief cause of farm protest

middlemen, trusts, and railroads

Railroads formed pools to...

fix prices and divide business for greater profit