1920s/30s Test

Question 1

Palmer Raids

Answer 1

Attonery General Mitchel Palmer establishes a special office to gain information on radicals

Palmer orders mass arrests on anarchists and socialists

6,000 people, mostly foreign born, were arrested on little criminal evidence

Question 2

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 2

Had a huge resurgence in the 1920s

Directed hatred not only at blacks

Mostly lower-middle class white Protestants supported the Klan

Decline in Klan’s membership after corruption was exposed and Grand Dragon David Stephenson is convicted of murder

Question 3

Washington Naval Conference

Answer 3

Secretary of State Hughes starts talks of disarmament and works to reduce the size of navies

Question 4

Five Power Treaty

Answer 4

Part of Washington Naval Conference

ratio of navies is:
US 5: Britain 5: Japan 3

US and Britain agree not to fortify their territories in the Pacific

Question 5

Kellog-Brian Pact

Answer 5

Largely pushed by women

renounces the use of aggression to achieve national ends

Question 6

Dawes Plan

Answer 6

Established a cycle of payment that lent US money to the Germans

Germans then paid Allies back and Allies paid US back

World economy is held up by American loans

Question 7

Young Plan

Answer 7

Revises the Dawes plan and further reduces payments by 20%

Question 8

Republican financial and business policies

Answer 8

very probusiness

got oil rights in the Middle East

remained intervened in Latin America

high protective tariffs

Question 9

Fordney-McCumber Tariff

Answer 9

Republic legislation

increased the duties on manufactured goods by 25%

it was productive in the short term but in the long term it was bad because it prevented European nations from developing

Question 10

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

Answer 10

Italian immigrants convicted of committing robbery and murder

they were sentenced to die when they should have recieved a much more gentle sentence

Question 11

Scopes Trial importance

Answer 11

laws banning the teaching of evolution remained

problem of fundamentalism vs. science remains a problem in America

Question 12

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 12

Concentration of talented actors, artists, musicians, and writers

Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen are great poets

Jazz age resulted from popularity of Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong and Bessie Smith

Question 13

Lost Generation

Answer 13

writers disillusioned with war

Fitzgerald, Hemingway, and Sinclair Lewis

TS Eliot and Eugene O’Neill

Question 14

Hoover-Stimson Doctrine

Answer 14

states that we will not recognize territory acquired by force

Response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria

Question 15

“Sick” industries/farmers

Answer 15

After the war, farms suffered because they no longer had artificially high prices and wartime demand

New technologies also made farmers overproduce

Question 16

1920s labor problems

Answer 16

Union movement went backwards

Companies demanded on keeping an open shop (employing non-union workers)

union efforts typically failed because the time period was so pro-business

Question 17

The United Mine Workers

Answer 17

had unsuccessful strikes in Pennsylvania

Question 18

Heroes of the 1920s

Answer 18

heroes shifted from political legends to radio, sports, and movie icons

Jack Dempsey (boxer), Babe Ruth, LINDBERGH (flyer), and Jim Thorpe all became heroes

Question 19

Henry Ford

Answer 19

automobile industry was the largest proponent of economic growth

affected all other industries

people could live further away from the cities

Question 20

Margaret Sanger

Answer 20

Proponent of birth control

Question 21

Margaret Sanger

Answer 21

Proponent of birth control

Question 22

7 Causes of the Great Depression

Answer 22

1. Uneven distribution of income
2. Stock market speculation: people of all different classes thought they could get rich by “playing the market”
3. Excessive use of credit
4. Overproduction of consumer goods: not enough people to buy
5. Weak farm economy
6. Government policies
7. Global economic problems (war debt)

Question 23

Buying on margin

Answer 23

allowed people to borrow most of the cost of the stock

the common man could buy stock

Question 24

Hoover’s economic policy

Answer 24

thought that prosperity would soon return and we have to let the market fix itself

Gradually Hoover realized the need for the government to intervene

Question 25

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Answer 25

Hoover signed this bill responded to the international economic crisis

set tax increases on foreign important

backlashed because then European companies raised tariffs that prevented us from selling over there

Question 26

Debt moratorium

Answer 26

Hoover proposes a suspension on all payments of international debts

Question 27

Federal Farm Board

Answer 27

Hoover

supposed to help farmers stabilize prices

it was not very effective

Question 28

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Answer 28

Hoover

gave emergency loans to big businesses (railroads, banks)

thought this would trickle down to smaller business

Question 29

Bonus March

Answer 29

1932 summer

thousands of unemployed WWI vets marched to Washington, DC to demand immediate payment of bonuses promised to them at a later date

Congress did not pass the bill

two vets killed in a class with police and Hoover orders federal army to break up camp

General MacArthur uses tear gas and tanks to drive the vets from Washington

Question 30

FDR economic policy

Answer 30

trial and error, but you have to try something

the Three R’s

Question 31

The Three R’s

Answer 31

Relief, recovery, and reform