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APUSH > Civil War/Reconstruction Test > Flashcards

Civil War/Reconstruction Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Kansas Nebraska Act

A

1854

Stephen Douglas proposes that the Nebraska territory be split into Kansas and Nebraska

Vote based on popular sovernigty

Southern Democrats liked this because it gave them the opportunity to have a slave state above the 36º 30’

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2
Q

Sharecroppers

A

Whites gave tenants seeds and tools, but then were required to give half their harvest back to the landowner

Did not own land

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3
Q

Tenant Farmers

A

Better off than sharecroppers

Actually get paid, don’t have to give as much back to the landowner

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4
Q

The Trent Affair

A

The Confederates captured two British prisoners

The British were mad

Lincoln realized then he did not want another war to deal will, so he dropped the issue

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5
Q

The Alabama

A

A Confederate ship built and manned by the British

This ship destroyed a lot of Union ships and sailed internationally

The Union finally destroyed it

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6
Q

Charles Francis Adams and Henry Adams

A

Diplomats that are crucial in keeping Britain out of the war

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7
Q

Laird Rams

A

Very powerful ships that were supplied by the British to the Confederates

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8
Q

Maximillian

A

Placed in charge of Mexico by Napoleon III

Gets killed by the Mexicans

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9
Q

Emancipation Proclamation and border states

A

The emancipation proclamation did not apply to the border states because Lincoln does not want to loose them

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10
Q

Advantages of the Union

A
  • better food
  • better rails/roads
  • larger population
  • more factories
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11
Q

Advantages of the South

A
  • can fight defensively
  • naturally raised to fight
  • strong military leadership
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12
Q

Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan

A

Amnesty to all willing to take an oath of loyalty

Southerners promise to support the US and anti-slavery

1/10 of voters have to take an oath of allegiance for states to be recognized

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13
Q

Radical Republican’s Reconstruction Plans

A

Majority of voters in secessionist state had to take an oath of loyalty

Individual state governments had to outlaw slavery

Former Confederate leaders were banned from being in state legislations

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14
Q

Andrew Johnson’s Plan

A

Grant pardons to all Southerners who took loyalty oath, except Confederate leaders

Confederates states had to revoke their Confederate constitutions and outlaw slavery

Hurts wealthy confederates, because Johnson was never wealthy

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15
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

Hayes becomes president if:
1. he immediately ends support of Republicans in the South (withdraws federal troops from South)

  1. Supports the building of a Southern transcontinental railroad
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16
Q

Specific Black codes

A
  1. prohibited blacks from renting land
  2. made freedmen sign work contracts
  3. Prohibited blacks from testifying against whites in court
  4. blacks had a curfew
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17
Q

Dred Scott Decision

A

Dred Scott was living in a free state after his master died

Court rules that he is not a citizen and thus cannot even stand trial

Since slaves are property they can be taken into any state, free or not

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18
Q

Who was the Chief Justice in the Dred Scott Decision?

A

Roger B. Taney

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19
Q

5 Points of the Compromise of 1850

A
  1. Admit California as a free state
  2. Make Utah and New Mexico open to popular sovereignty
  3. Federal government assumes Texas’s public debt of 10 million
  4. Ban the slave trade in D.C.
  5. Adopt a harsh new Fugitive Slave Law
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20
Q

Impending Crisis of the South

A

A book written by Southerner, Hinton Helper

Tried to show Southerners that slavery hurt them economically

Slavery prevented them from industrilizing

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21
Q

National Banking Acts

A

Created a national currency

Used bonds

Started to unify the banking system

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22
Q

What was the primary way to finance the war?

A

Bonds

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23
Q

What was new during the Civil War? (economically)

A

The income tax

24
Q

Economy of the Confederacy

A

Had huge inflation

Had a “blueback” currency that was greatly inflated

25
Q

Jay Cook

A

Private banker in charge of funding the war and regulating the bonds

26
Q

Greenbacks

A

A Union type of currency

Was attached to the debt of the country, so the value of greenbacks greatly fluctuated

27
Q

Know-Nothing Party

A

Nativists

Did not like immigrants

28
Q

International effects of the Emancipation proclamation

A

Made the war into a moral issue

Europeans support the Union because they had already abolished slavery

29
Q

Motivations of Radical Republicans

A

believe in equality for all men

want to keep political power (need blacks to vote)

want to punish the South

30
Q

Harper’s Ferry

A

John Brown takes over an arsenal in Virginia and tries to arm slaves and get them to uprise

Robert E. Lee arrests him

31
Q

Effects of Harper’s Ferry

A

The South thinks all abolitionists are crazy

The North thinks the South is unfair for hanging John Brown

32
Q

3 Parts of the Union’s war strategy

A
  1. Blockade the coast
  2. Control the Mississippi River
  3. Capture Richmond
33
Q

Reasons that the South was defeated

A

Lack of manpower

Sherman and Grant wage total war (burn Georgia)

Gettysburg was the turning point of the war

34
Q

The Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Set up for one year under the War Department

Gives food, education, clothing, and housing to those in need (black and white)

35
Q

Who headed the Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Oliver Ottis Howard

36
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished slavery

37
Q

14th Amendment

A

Black Americans citizens of the United States

No citizen can loose their rights without due process of law

Prevented Confederate officials from holding office

States that took away voting rights from any of its citizens would loose seats in Congress

38
Q

Redeemer

A

Democrats that re-take political power in the South

39
Q

The Morrill Tariff Act

A

Raised tariffs to fund the war and protect American industry

40
Q

The Pacific Railway Act

A

Authorized the building of a transcontinental railway in the North

41
Q

Midterm elections of 1866

A

Republicans gain a 2/3 majority in Congress

Allows them to override Johnson’s veto

42
Q

Tenure of Office Act

A

Passed by Radical Republican Congress as a reason to impeach Andrew Johnson

Said that the president could not remove a federal or military officer without the approval of Congress

When Andrew Johnson dismissed Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, the Radical Republicans impeached him

43
Q

1868 election

A

Republican: Grant (winner)

Democrat: Horatio Seymour

Blacks voting was needed to elect Grant, despite his popularity

44
Q

15th Amendment

A

All citizens have the right to vote despite race, color, or previous condition of servitude

45
Q

Homestead Acts

A

Gave an applicant land in the West as long as you never took up arms against the Union (no Confederates)

Also, introduced agriculture colleges

46
Q

Confiscation Act

A

Allowed “property” to be stolen during the war

The Union used this to rescue slaves

47
Q

Women’s roles

A

They have more opportunities in industry and as nurses during the war

Blackwell is the first female doctor

48
Q

Wade-Davis Bill

A

Passed by Radical Republicans

Requires 50% of voters to take the loyalty oath

Lincoln used the pocket veto to block this

48
Q

Wade-Davis Bill

A

Passed by Radical Republicans

Requires 50% of voters to take the loyalty oath

Lincoln used the pocket veto to block this

49
Q

Swing around the Circle

A

Johnson tries to attack Congressional opponents before the 1866 mid year election

All it did was make him look bad and promote Republican leaders

50
Q

Leading Radical Republicans

A

Thaddeus Stevens

Charles Sumer

51
Q

Report of the Joint Committee

A

1866

Republican congress issues a report that declares Congress has the power to determine which states can re-enter the Union

52
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Northerners that migrate to the South during Reconstruction

53
Q

Scalawags

A

Southern republicans

54
Q

The Amnesty Act of 1872

A

Removed restrictions on ex-Confederates, except the high ranking ones

Allowed Southern Democrats to gain seats in Congress

55
Q

The Election of 1876

A

Republicans: Rutherford B. Hayes

Democrats: Samuel J. Tilden

Tilden won the popular vote, but did not get enough electoral votes without S. Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana allowed to vote

Led to the compromise of 1877

APUSH (22 decks)

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