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NAPLEx > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Key drugs that can worsen GERD symptoms

A
  • Aspirins/NSAIDs
  • Bisphosphonates
  • dabigatran
  • estrogen products
  • fish oil products
  • iron supplements
  • nicotine replacement therapy
  • steroids
  • tetracycline
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2
Q

calcium carbonate

A

tums
w/ mag- mylanta
w/ simethicon anti-gas is maalox advanced max strength lol
- antacids

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3
Q

magnesium hydroxide

A

milk of magnesia
- antacids

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4
Q

sodium carbonate/aspirin/citric acid

A

alka-seltzer
- antacids

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5
Q

antacid notes:

A

aluminum and mag: can accumulate and several renal dysfunction….
Ca- constipation SE
Al- constipation SE
mag- loose stools SE

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6
Q

famotidine

A

pepcid Ac, zantac 360
<60 ml/min decreased dose
- H2RA

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7
Q

ranitidine

A

Zantac
all produced removed april 2020
- H2RA

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8
Q

cimetidine

A

tagamet
high dose: gynecomastia, impotence
- H2RA

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9
Q

antacid >2 years

A

vitamin b12 deficiency

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10
Q

esomeprazole

A

nexium
- PPI

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11
Q

lansoprazole

A

Prevacid
- PPI

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12
Q

omeprazole

A

Prilosec
- PPI

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13
Q

dexlansoprazole

A

Dexilant
- PPI

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14
Q

pantoprazole

A

Protonix
- PPI

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15
Q

PPIs

A
  • no longer the 8 weeks use recommend
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Bone density decrease
  • c.diff
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16
Q

esomperazole and omeprazole

A

don’t sue w/ clopidogrel

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17
Q

H2RA and PPI formulation
OTC

A
  • cimetidine
  • famotidine
  • ranitidine
  • esomeprazole
  • lansoprazole
  • omeprazole
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18
Q

H2RA and PPI formulation
ODT

A
  • lansoprazole
  • omeprazole
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19
Q

Oral solutions/suspensions

A
  • cimetidine
  • famotidine
  • nizatidine
  • ranitdine
  • lansoprazole
    packets for suspensions
  • esomprazole
  • omeprazole
  • pantoprazole
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20
Q

H2RA and PPI formulation
injection

A

famotidine
ranitidine

  • esomprazole
  • pantoprazole
21
Q

metoclopramide

A

reglan
- cytoprotective

22
Q

drugs that require acidic gut (decreased absorption by antacids, H2RAs and PPIs)

A
  • antiretrovirals: rilpivirine (NNRTI), atazanavir (PI)
  • antivirals: ledipasivr, velpatasvir/sofosbuvir
  • azole: sporanox, ketoconazole, pasaconazole oral suspension
  • cephalosporins (orals): cefpodoxime, cefuroxime
  • iron products
  • mesalamine
  • risedronate delayed-released
  • tyrosine kinase inhibitis: dasatanib, erlotinib, pazopanib
23
Q

oral drugs/drug classes that antacids bind to

A
  • antiretrovirals: INSTIs- bictegravir, dolutegravir, elvitegravir, altegravir
  • bisphosphonates
  • isoniazid
  • levothyroxine
  • quinolones
  • sotalol
  • steriods
  • tetracyclines
24
Q

bismuth quadruple therapy

A

10-14 days
bismuth subsalicylate 300mg QID
metronidazole 25-500mg QID
Tetracycline 500mg QID
PPI BID

25
Q

clarithromycin triple therapy

A

14 days
amox 1,000 mg BID
clarithro 500mg BID
PPI BID

26
Q

Prevpac

A

amox + clarithro+ lansoprazole

27
Q

sucralfate

28
Q

key drugs that are constipating

A
  • antacid (Al and Ca based)
  • Antidiarrheals
  • clonidine
  • colesevelam
    anticholinergic effect:
  • antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
  • antispasmodic (baclofen)
  • phenothiazines (e.g. prochlorperazine)
  • TCAs (e.g amitriptyline)
  • urge incontinence drugs (e.g. oxybutynin)
  • Iron
  • non-DHP Ca channel blockers: especially verapamil!
  • opioids
  • sucrafate
29
Q

otc recommendations for constipation

A

Most adults: fiber
iron-induced or hard stool: docusate (stool softener)
opioids-induced: sena or bisacodyl (stimulants)
prego: fiber
Fast relief needed: adults: bisacodyl or glycerin (more gentle) suppository
Children: glycerin suppository

30
Q

psyllium

A

Metamucil
- Bulk-forming

31
Q

calcium polycarbophil

A

fiberCon
- Bulk-forming

32
Q

methylcellulose

A

citrucel
- Bulk-forming

33
Q

wheat dextrin

A

Benefiber
- Bulk-forming

34
Q

mag hydroxide

A

milk of magnesia
- osmotics

35
Q

polyethylene glycol

A

Miralax
- osmotics

36
Q

glycerine

37
Q

lactulose`

A

constulose, enulose,
- osmotics

38
Q

sodium phosphate

A

fleet enema
- osmotic

39
Q

bisacodyl

40
Q

lubiprostone

A

amitiza
-chloride channel activator

41
Q

linaclotide

A

linzess
- guanylate cyclase c agonists

42
Q

alvimopan

A

entereg
- PAMORAs

43
Q

naloxegol

A

Movantik
- PAMORAs

44
Q

methylnaltrexone

A

Relistor
- PAMORAs

45
Q

select drugs that cause diarrhea

A
  • acetylcholinesterase inhibitors ( e.g. donepezil)
  • antacids containing mag
  • antibiotics (especially broad-spectrum drugs), diarrhea may be infections (e.g. C. difficile)
  • antidiabetics (e.g. metformin, GLP-1 agonist)
  • antineoplastic (e.g. irinotecan, capecitabine, fluorouracil, methotrexate, TKIs)
  • Colchicine
  • Drugs used for constipation (e.g. laxatives)
  • Misoprostol
  • Mycophenolate
  • Prokinetics drugs (e.g. metoclopramide, cisapride)
  • PI (especially nelfinavir)
  • Quinidine
  • Roflumilast
46
Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

pepto-bismol

47
Q

loperamide

48
Q

diphenoxylate/atropine

49
Q

dicyclomine

NAPLEx (75 decks)

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