General Biology (2ND SEM - Part II) Last Examination

Question 1

5 Evidences of Evolution

Answer 1

Fossils
Embryology
Anatomical Evidences
Biochemical
Biogeography

Question 2

are preserved remnants of once living organisms trapped in rocks, tar pits, frozen in ice or embedded in amber.

Answer 2

Fossils

Question 3

are formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms. They form from deposits that accumulate on the Earth’s surface.

Answer 3

Sedimentary Rocks

Question 4

____________________ often have distinctive layering or bedding.

Answer 4

Sedimentary rocks

Question 5

a specialist in the study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times

Answer 5

Paleontologist

Question 6

How to identify the specific age of rocks? (2 items)

Answer 6

Relative Dating
Absolute Dating

Question 7

Who identify the specific date of rocks?

Answer 7

Geologist

Question 8

Geologist uses __________________ were dated by their position with respect to one another; rocks in deeper strata are generally older.

Answer 8

Relative Dating rocks

Question 9

the process of determining if one rock or geologic event is older or younger than another, without knowing their specific ages.

Answer 9

Relative Dating

Question 10

____________ a layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.

Answer 10

Strata

Question 11

Rocks are dated by measuring the degree of decay of certain radioisotopes contained in the rock.

Answer 11

Absolute Dating

Question 12

can be found on living rocks

Answer 12

Stable Isotopes

Question 13

What process are used in Absolute Dating?

Answer 13

Radioactive

Question 14

If there are a lot of ___________ that is the age of the rocks

Answer 14

Stable Isotopes

Question 15

Early stage in the development of humans and other animals or plants. In animals that have a backbone or spinal column, this stage lasts from shortly after fertilization until all major body parts appear.

Answer 15

Embryology

Question 16

Is an organism in its initial phase of development

Answer 16

Embryology

Question 17

Initial form of life

Answer 17

Embryology

Question 18

Found in Embryo

Answer 18

Supporting Dorsal Rod

Question 19

It serves asa source of midline signals that pattern surrounding tissues and as a major skeletal element of the developing embryo.

Answer 19

Notochord

Question 20

produce tissues necessary for hearing, calcium homeostasis, and adequate immune response

Answer 20

Pharyngeal Pouches

Question 21

Major formation of Skeletal System

Answer 21

Notochord

Question 22

The more body structures that two species have in common, the more closely they are related.

Answer 22

Anatomical Evidences

Question 23

Anatomical Evidences adopts the idea of?

Answer 23

Descent form a common ancestor

Question 24

Similar structures in different species regardless of their functions

Answer 24

Homologous Structure

Question 25

are structures which are different in appearance but have the similar function.

Answer 25

Analogous Structure

Question 26

show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features),

Answer 26

Analogous Structure

Question 27

are anatomical features that are usually reduced and have no function in many organisms

Answer 27

Vestigial Structure

Question 28

3 Anatomical Structure

Answer 28

Homologous Structure Analogous Structure Vestigial Structure

Question 29

an organ or structure that is degenerated or atrophied and seemingling loss its original function through the course of evolution.

Answer 29

Vestige

Question 30

Vestigial pertains to a __________

Answer 30

vestige

Question 31

Living organisms shared numerous related ____________ molecules, such as DNA, ATP, amino acids, and enzymes.

Answer 31

Biochemical

Question 32

Related to the Biochemical Molecules (4 Items)

Answer 32

DNA, ATP, amino acids, and enzymes.

Question 33

is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Answer 33

Phylogenetic Tree

Question 34

2 Majors of Biochemical Molecules

Answer 34

DNA/ Nucleic Acids Protein

Question 35

Genes are located in the chromosomes, which are made of DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid.

Answer 35

DNA/ Nucleic Acids

Question 36

The pattern of branching in a _____________ reflects how species or other groups evolved from a series of common ancestors. In trees, two species are more related if they have a more recent common ancestor and less related if they have a less recent common ancestor.

Answer 36

phylogenetic tree

Question 37

___________are molecules that are used to build up and repair body parts

Answer 37

Proteins

Question 38

________________ is the study of the geographic distributions of organisms.

Answer 38

Biogeography

Question 39

Anatomical features shared between organisms can indicate a shared evolutionary ancestry.

Answer 39

Anatomy and Embryology

Question 40

It is said that physical characteristics shared due to evolutionary history.

Answer 40

Homologous

Question 41

Structural homologies, similarities may reflect shared evolutionary ancestry between biological molecules.

Answer 41

Molecular Biology

Question 42

Is a technique used to separate DNA Fragments according to their side

Answer 42

Gel Electrophoresis

Question 43

Used to match DNA

Answer 43

Gel Electrophoresis

Question 44

___________ is the science of organizing and categorizing living organisms into classes called taxa.

Answer 44

Taxonomy

Question 45

is the study of the diversification of life forms over time, both past and present, and their relationships with other species.

Answer 45

Systematics

Question 46

Also referred to as Linnaean system after the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, Zoologist, and doctor uses a hierarchal model.

Answer 46

Taxonomic Classification

Question 47

There are 3 Species in terms of Starting the Hierarchal Model

Answer 47

Eukarya Bacteria Archae

Question 48

(multicellular, eukaryotes)

Answer 48

Domain Eukarya

Question 49

(organisms that can move on their own)

Answer 49

Kingdom Animalia

Question 50

(Animals with backbones)

Answer 50

Phylum Chordata

Question 51

(Animals in which the young are nourished with milk specially in mammary gland)

Answer 51

Class Mammalia

Question 52

(Mammals with grasping fingers)

Answer 52

Order Primata

Question 53

(Primates with relative flat faces and 3 dimensional vision)

Answer 53

Family of Hominidae

Question 54

(Hominids with upright position and large brain)

Answer 54

Genus Homo

Question 55

(Members of genus homo with a high forehead and notably thin skull)

Answer 55

Homo Sapiens

Question 56

Study of relationships and their evolutionary development among different group

Answer 56

Phylogeny

Question 57

Tree of Life by Darwin

Answer 57

Phylogenetic tree

Question 58

In order to find out their ancestors, Charles Darwin made an

Answer 58

Phylogenetic Tree

Question 59

In phylogeny, __________ represents a taxon or a common ancestor for a set of taxa

Answer 59

Node

Question 60

A genetic name for taxonomic group

Answer 60

Taxon

Question 61

The common ancestor

Answer 61

Root Node

Question 62

No successor, ain't going to develop

Answer 62

Leaf Node

Question 63

May successor depend on adaptation

Answer 63

Internal Node

Question 64

2 Types of Phylogenetic Tree

Answer 64

Rooted Phylogenetic Tree Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree

Question 65

Most common way to integrate information

Answer 65

Cladistics

Question 66

grouping = called __________

Answer 66

Cladistics

Question 67

In _________ = Established Cladistics

Answer 67

1950's Willi Hennig

Question 68

Cladistics is derived from the term ______

Answer 68

Clade

Question 69

Is a collection of descendants from ancestors

Answer 69

Clade

Question 70

Can be separated into two : 2 Classification of Clades

Answer 70

Monophyletic Group Non - Monophyletic Group

Question 71

3 Types of Clade

Answer 71

Monophyletic Group Paraphyletic Group Polyphyletic Group

Question 72

One Ancestor

Answer 72

Monophyletic Group

Question 73

Side Ancestor

Answer 73

Paraphyletic Group

Question 74

Many Ancestors

Answer 74

Polyphyletic Group

Question 75

Different body structures, same function

Answer 75

Analogous