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STEM FIRST & SECOND SEMESTER TFUCS > General Biology (2ND SEM - Part II) Last Examination > Flashcards

General Biology (2ND SEM - Part II) Last Examination Flashcards

1
Q

5 Evidences of Evolution

A

Fossils
Embryology
Anatomical Evidences
Biochemical
Biogeography

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2
Q

are preserved remnants of once living organisms trapped in rocks, tar pits, frozen in ice or embedded in amber.

A

Fossils

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3
Q

are formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms. They form from deposits that accumulate on the Earth’s surface.

A

Sedimentary Rocks

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4
Q

____________________ often have distinctive layering or bedding.

A

Sedimentary rocks

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5
Q

a specialist in the study of the forms of life existing in prehistoric or geologic times

A

Paleontologist

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6
Q

How to identify the specific age of rocks? (2 items)

A

Relative Dating
Absolute Dating

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7
Q

Who identify the specific date of rocks?

A

Geologist

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8
Q

Geologist uses __________________ were dated by their position with respect to one another; rocks in deeper strata are generally older.

A

Relative Dating rocks

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9
Q

the process of determining if one rock or geologic event is older or younger than another, without knowing their specific ages.

A

Relative Dating

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10
Q

____________ a layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.

A

Strata

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11
Q

Rocks are dated by measuring the degree of decay of certain radioisotopes contained in the rock.

A

Absolute Dating

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12
Q

can be found on living rocks

A

Stable Isotopes

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13
Q

What process are used in Absolute Dating?

A

Radioactive

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14
Q

If there are a lot of ___________ that is the age of the rocks

A

Stable Isotopes

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15
Q

Early stage in the development of humans and other animals or plants. In animals that have a backbone or spinal column, this stage lasts from shortly after fertilization until all major body parts appear.

A

Embryology

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16
Q

Is an organism in its initial phase of development

A

Embryology

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17
Q

Initial form of life

A

Embryology

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18
Q

Found in Embryo

A

Supporting Dorsal Rod

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19
Q

It serves asa source of midline signals that pattern surrounding tissues and as a major skeletal element of the developing embryo.

A

Notochord

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20
Q

produce tissues necessary for hearing, calcium homeostasis, and adequate immune response

A

Pharyngeal Pouches

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21
Q

Major formation of Skeletal System

A

Notochord

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22
Q

The more body structures that two species have in common, the more closely they are related.

A

Anatomical Evidences

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23
Q

Anatomical Evidences adopts the idea of?

A

Descent form a common ancestor

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24
Q

Similar structures in different species regardless of their functions

A

Homologous Structure

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25
Q

are structures which are different in appearance but have the similar function.

A

Analogous Structure

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26
Q

show thatsimilar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations(beneficial features),

A

Analogous Structure

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27
Q

are anatomical features that are usually reduced and have no function in many organisms

A

Vestigial Structure

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28
Q

3 Anatomical Structure

A

Homologous Structure
Analogous Structure
Vestigial Structure

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29
Q

an organ or structure that is degenerated or atrophied and seemingling loss its original function through the course of evolution.

A

Vestige

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30
Q

Vestigial pertains to a __________

A

vestige

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31
Q

Living organisms shared numerous related ____________ molecules, such as DNA, ATP, amino acids, and enzymes.

A

Biochemical

32
Q

Related to the Biochemical Molecules (4 Items)

A

DNA, ATP, amino acids, and enzymes.

33
Q

is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.

A

Phylogenetic Tree

34
Q

2 Majors of Biochemical Molecules

A

DNA/ Nucleic Acids
Protein

35
Q

Genes are located in the chromosomes, which are made of DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid.

A

DNA/ Nucleic Acids

36
Q

The pattern of branching in a _____________ reflects how species or other groups evolved from a series of common ancestors. In trees, two species are more related if they have a more recent common ancestor and less related if they have a less recent common ancestor.

A

phylogenetic tree

37
Q

___________are molecules that are used to build up and repair body parts

A

Proteins

38
Q

________________ is the study of the geographic distributions of organisms.

A

Biogeography

39
Q

Anatomical features shared between organisms can indicate a shared evolutionary ancestry.

A

Anatomy and Embryology

40
Q

It is said that physical characteristics shared due to evolutionary history.

A

Homologous

41
Q

Structural homologies, similarities may reflect shared evolutionary ancestry between biological molecules.

A

Molecular Biology

42
Q

Is a technique used to separate DNA Fragments according to their side

A

Gel Electrophoresis

43
Q

Used to match DNA

A

Gel Electrophoresis

44
Q

___________ is the science of organizing and categorizing living organisms into classes called taxa.

A

Taxonomy

45
Q

is the study of the diversification of life forms over time, both past and present, and their relationships with other species.

A

Systematics

46
Q

Also referred to as Linnaean system after the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, Zoologist, and doctor uses a hierarchal model.

A

Taxonomic Classification

47
Q

There are 3 Species in terms of Starting the Hierarchal Model

A

Eukarya
Bacteria
Archae

48
Q

(multicellular, eukaryotes)

A

Domain Eukarya

49
Q

(organisms that can move on their own)

A

Kingdom Animalia

50
Q

(Animals with backbones)

A

Phylum Chordata

51
Q

(Animals in which the young are nourished with milk specially in mammary gland)

A

Class Mammalia

52
Q

(Mammals with grasping fingers)

A

Order Primata

53
Q

(Primates with relative flat faces and 3 dimensional vision)

A

Family of Hominidae

54
Q

(Hominids with upright position and large brain)

A

Genus Homo

55
Q

(Members of genus homo with a high forehead and notably thin skull)

A

Homo Sapiens

56
Q

Study of relationships and their evolutionary development among different group

A

Phylogeny

57
Q

Tree of Life by Darwin

A

Phylogenetic tree

58
Q

In order to find out their ancestors, Charles Darwin made an

A

Phylogenetic Tree

59
Q

In phylogeny, __________ represents a taxon or a common ancestor for a set of taxa

A

Node

60
Q

A genetic name for taxonomic group

A

Taxon

61
Q

The common ancestor

A

Root Node

62
Q

No successor, ain’t going to develop

A

Leaf Node

63
Q

May successor depend on adaptation

A

Internal Node

64
Q

2 Types of Phylogenetic Tree

A

Rooted Phylogenetic Tree
Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree

65
Q

Most common way to integrate information

A

Cladistics

66
Q

grouping = called __________

A

Cladistics

67
Q

In _________ = Established Cladistics

A

1950’s Willi Hennig

68
Q

Cladistics is derived from the term ______

A

Clade

69
Q

Is a collection of descendants from ancestors

A

Clade

70
Q

Can be separated into two : 2 Classification of Clades

A

Monophyletic Group
Non - Monophyletic Group

71
Q

3 Types of Clade

A

Monophyletic Group
Paraphyletic Group
Polyphyletic Group

72
Q

One Ancestor

A

Monophyletic Group

73
Q

Side Ancestor

A

Paraphyletic Group

74
Q

Many Ancestors

A

Polyphyletic Group

75
Q

Different body structures, same function

A

Analogous

STEM FIRST & SECOND SEMESTER TFUCS (50 decks)

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