Frontier Study Guide, VOL 1 Flashcards
How many separate volumes does the Flight Operations Manuals (FOMs) consist of?
Three:
Volume 1 contains policy and procedural information that is not aircraft-specific
Volume II contains operating policies and procedures for the specific aircraft type
Volume III contains aircraft and aircraft systems information for the specific aircraft type
What is the difference between a “Bulletin” and a “Pilot Alert”?
Bulletins incorporate changes that are temporary in nature. They may be issued to inform crews of short-term procedures or to describe transitional procedures during the implementation period. While effective, bulletins supersede any related information in the manual.
Pilot Alerts are not issued as part of the FOMs. These documents are disseminated electronically and contain information to emphasize or clarify Frontier policies and procedures. They will not be used to modify the policies or procedures contained in the Flight Operations Manuals
Discuss some of the pilot in command (PIC) and second in command (SIC) duties and responsibilities
The captain is the pilot in command (PIC). Each pilot in command of an aircraft is, during flight time, in command of the aircraft and crew and is responsible for the safety of the passengers, crewmembers, cargo, and airplane. Each pilot in command has full control and authority in the operation of the aircraft, without limitation, over other crewmembers and their duties during flight time, whether or not they hold valid certificates authorizing them to perform the duties of those crewmembers
No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in an airworthy condition. The pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight. The pilot in command shall discontinue the flight when unairworthy mechanical, electrical, or structural conditions occurs
The captain is responsible to follow the dispatch release and filed flight plan to the extent possible. If a flight plan has not been filed, the captain must contact Dispatch and arrange for it to be filed. The captain will review the MEL/CDL and/or any other company approved technical information relating to the mechanical state of the aircraft’s airworthiness. The captain has the authority to deviate from the flight plan as necessary due to weather conditions, winds, passenger comfort, flight safety, etc
The first officer is the second in command. If the captain becomes incapacitated, the first officer will assume the duties of the pilot in command and should remain in the first officer’s seat to accomplish these duties
Discuss the pilot in command emergency authority?
In an emergency situation that requires immediate decision and action, the pilot in command may take any action that they consider necessary under the circumstances. In such a case they may deviate from prescribed operations procedures and methods, weather minimums, and FAA regulations to the extent required in the interests of safety. Whenever a pilot in command exercises emergency authority, they shall keep the appropriate ATC facility and Dispatch fully informed of the progress of the flight. The PIC must submit a pilot Incident Report of any deviation within 36 hours of completing the sequence. In addition, if priority is given by ATC in an emergency, the PIC must submit a detailed report of the emergency within 48 hours to the manager of that ATC facility, if requested by ATC
Do all cabin seats need to be assigned if a flight deck or flight attendant jumpseat is to be utilized?
No. The flight deck and flight attendant jumpseats may be utilized on a discretionary basis; all cabin seats need not be assigned in order to assign the jumpseats
Must a Frontier employee have the letters ACM on his/her badge to occupy the flight deck jumpseat?
Yes, unless the Frontier employee possesses a signed Letter of Authorization from Frontier Flight Ops management. The CSA must verify the employment of the ACM via the Employee Verification database available on www.myfrontier.org
Can Frontier mechanics sit in the flight deck jumpseat for travel?
Yes, but Frontier mechanics must be “on-duty” in order to access the flight deck jumpseats
Can pilots and dispatchers of other airlines use our flight deck jumpseat privileges?
Yes. Pilots and dispatchers of other airlines may be authorized to occupy a flight deck jumpseat on Domestic flights if there is a reciprocal agreement in place. Eligibility must be verified by the CSA through CASS
Can crewmembers and/or employees use the flight attendant jumpseat on international flights?
Yes. Crewmembers and employees who are eligible to use the cabin jumpseats on domestic flights may do so on international flights
Who can occupy the flight deck jumpseat on international flights?
Frontier employees with ACM authorization (either via Frontier ID “ACM” or a Letter of Authorization) may utilize the flight deck jumpseats on international flights
Who must fill out the ACM AUTHORIZATION FORM?
All persons (except FAA Inspectors) requesting access to the flight deck or cabin jumpseats
The captain is the final authority over flight deck access and shall have the right to deny access to any person, without exercising their emergency authority, with the exception of?
- FAA air carrier inspector
• DOD evaluator
• U.S. Secret Service Agent
• A representative of the NTSB
What is required for the ACM briefing for persons sitting in the flight deck jumpseat?
Show the briefing card. It is the responsibility of the captain to ensure that all flight deck ACMs, with the exception of Frontier pilot ACMs trained on the type aircraft, are briefed on sterile cockpit, flight deck door security, emergency equipment operation, and cockpit evacuation procedures. The ACM Jumpseat Briefing Card may be used to satisfy this briefing requirement. The A320 ACM Jumpseat Briefing Card can be accessed on the Company-approved DMS
What are the Alcohol Limits for flight crew?
Federal regulations or company policy prohibits pilots from acting as a crewmember of a civil aircraft:
• Within ten (10) hours after consuming any alcoholic beverage;
• While under the influence of alcohol;
• While having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater in a blood or breath specimen; or
• While using any drug that affects a person’s faculties in any way contrary to safety.
Company policy may be more restrictive, as outlined in the Employee Handbook, and includes times prior to and during:
• A reserve period;
• Company-assigned deadhead travel; and
• Ground school and training events.
Employees with knowledge of an accident involving an aircraft for which they performed a safety-sensitive or security-related function at or near the time of the accident may not use alcohol for ____ hours after the accident unless he or she has been given a post-accident test for drugs and alcohol, or if Frontier Airlines has determined that their performance could not have contributed to the accident?
10 Hours
When must the pilots don and use oxygen masks?
Cabin pressure altitude above 10,000’MSL
Is landing at night without runway lights permitted?
No. Runway lights must be available and operational for all night operations
Is operation of the aircraft (movement under its own power) permitted on any surface if braking action is NIL?
No. NOTE: If a surface is reported as NIL rather than CLSD, Frontier Airlines prohibits the operation (movement under its own power) of its aircraft over any portion of a ramp, taxiway, or runway that is considered to be Braking Action NIL (BRAN).
When do “Braking Action Advisories” go into effect?
- When tower controllers receive runway braking action reports which include the terms poor or nil
OR
- Whenever weather conditions are conducive to deteriorating or rapidly changing runway braking condition
Are intoxicated persons allowed to board the aircraft?
NO. A person who appears to be intoxicated shall be denied boarding
Is the flight crew permitted to stow baggage for passengers in the flight deck?
At the captain’s discretion, he/she may accept and secure baggage on the flight deck from any individual who is eligible to access a jumpseat as an ACM (e.g., working/non-working crewmembers of Frontier or other airlines).
Does Frontier Airlines carry HAZMAT for commercial transportation?
No
How are dangerous goods that requiring flight crew notification communicated to the flight crew?
Either on appropriate forms or via the Weight and Balance Worksheet.
When can cellular phones be used on the plane?
At the Gate: Cellular communications may be used without restriction while the main cabin door is open.
Inbound Taxi: Cellular communications may be used without restriction during the inbound taxi.
Outbound Taxi/Tarmac Delays: Cellular communications are not authorized once the main cabin door is closed in preparation for departure. During a tarmac delay, a PA may be made allowing the use of cell phones/devices once the aircraft is stopped with the parking brake set; however, a PA must be made by the flight crew directing all such electronic devices be placed into airplane mode or turned off prior to resuming taxi for departure
When are radio reports always required?
• Deviation from an ATC clearance or instruction for an emergency or in response to a TCAS Resolution Advisory (RA).
• When vacating any previously assigned altitude or flight level for a newly assigned altitude or flight level.
• When unable to climb/descend at a rate of a least 500 feet per minute.
• When an approach has been missed. (Request clearance for specific action; i.e., to alternate airport, another approach, etc.)
• Change in the average true airspeed (at cruising altitude) when it varies by 5 percent or 10 knots (whichever is greater) from that filed in the flight plan.
• The time and altitude or flight level upon reaching a holding fix or point to which cleared.
• When leaving any assigned holding fix or point.
• Pilots encountering weather conditions which have not been forecast, or hazardous conditions which have been forecast, are expected to report such conditions to ATC.
• Any information relating to the safety of flight or whenever encountering a meteorological condition or an irregularity in a ground or navigational facility, in flight, which is essential to the safety of other flights.
• Any malfunction, in controlled airspace, of navigational, approach, or communication equipment including VOR, ADF, GPS anomalies, complete or partial loss of ILS receiver capability or impairment of air/ground communications capability. Reports should include the call sign and flight number, equipment affected, degree to which the capability to operate under IFR in the ATC system is impaired, and the nature and extent of assistance desired from ATC
When are position reports required while not in radar contact?
• When passing a compulsory reporting point and the aircraft is not in radar contact
• Whenever requested by ATC
• FINAL APPROACH FIX inbound
◦ Report to ATC when leaving the final approach fix inbound on final approach (non-precision approach) or when leaving the outer marker or fix used in lieu of the outer marker inbound on final approach (precision approach)
• ETA ERROR
◦ A corrected estimate shall be reported to ATC at any time it becomes apparent that a previously submitted estimate is in error by more than +/- 3 minutes
What shall a position report consist of?
• Aircraft call sign and flight number;
• Aircraft’s position with regard to the reporting point;
• UTC time over the reporting point;
• Flight level or altitude;
• Name and ETA over the next reporting point; and
• Name of next succeeding reporting point.
What would you do if you lost weather radar enroute?
The flight may continue to its planned destination provided thunderstorms or hazardous weather conditions can be avoided visually
Which certificates and identification is each pilot required to have in his/her possession while on flight duty?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
It is the responsibility of each pilot to have in their possession, while on flight duty, a current and appropriate FAA Airman and Medical Certificate as well as current company identification, an FCC permit, and a current passport.
What are the requirements to fly into “Special Airports”?
Frontier may not use a flight crew in operations to or from an airport that requires special airport qualification unless, within the preceding 12 calendar months:
• The pilot in command or second in command has made an entry to that airport, including a takeoff and landing, while serving as a flight crewmember; or
• The pilot in command has qualified by using pictorial means (Jeppesen Airport Qualification charts) for that airport
NOTE: The currency requirements above do not apply if the ceiling is at least 1,000 feet above the lowest MEA or MOCA or the initial approach altitude prescribed for theinstrument approach procedure to be used for that airport, and the visibility at that airportis at least 3 statute miles
When is First Officer flying restricted (FO High Mins)?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
If a first officer has less than 100 hours (includes OE) flight time as second in command in operations under 14 CFR 121 at Frontier Airlines in the type airplane being flown, and the captain is not a check airman, the captain must make all takeoffs and landings in the following situations:
• The RVR for the runway to be used is at or below 4000 ft (RVR is controlling over visibility);
• The prevailing visibility in the latest weather report is at or below 3/4 mile;
• The runway to be used has water, snow, slush, or similar conditions that may adversely affect airplane performance;
• The braking action on the runway to be used is less than “good;”
• The crosswind component for the runway to be used is in excess of 15 kts;
• Windshear is reported in the vicinity of the airport, low-level windshear advisories or alerts are in effect, or another aircraft has reported windshear for a particular runway;
• The airport is a special airport (see Special Airports)
• Any other conditions where the captain deems it prudent
NOTE: It is the first officer’s responsibility to advise the captain if they do not meet this requirement
What are the First Officer’s minimums for takeoff?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
At all times It is RECOMMENDED (not required) that captains perform the takeoff when the reported visibility is equal to or less than 1/2 mile or RVR 1800 (when RVR is reported)
When is a captain considered on “high minimums”?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
If the captain has less than 100 hours as the pilot in command (does not include OE) in a particular type aircraft under 14 CFR 121 at Frontier Airlines.
What are the captain’s high minimum restrictions?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
If the captain has less than 100 hours as the pilot in command (does not include OE) in a particular type aircraft under 14 CFR 121 at Frontier Airlines, the following must be applied to each instrument approach being flown:
• Increase DA or MDA by 100 feet; and
• Increase visibility by 1/2 statute mile or RVR equivalent
What are the dispatch weather requirements for a “high minimums” captain?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
DESTINATION:
Dispatch of a flight to a planned destination airport is based solely on visibility requirements. This equates to the minimum visibility required for the instrument approach expected to be used plus 1/2 statute mile (unless dispatched under Exemption 21515 as described below).
ALTERNATE
The MDA or DA and visibility minimums need not be increased (by 100 ft and 1/2 SM) above those applicable to the airport when determining alternate airport minimums (i.e., adding 400 ft and 1 sm or 200 ft and 1/2 SM). This includes takeoff, enroute, first and second alternate airports. However, when conducting an instrument approach at an alternate airport, the MDA or DA and visibility requirements must be increased by adding 100 ft and 1/2 SM (or RVR equivalent)
What approaches are High Mins captains not permitted to conduct?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
High minimums captains are not authorized to conduct CAT III operations
What is Exemption 21515?
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.40)
Exemption 21515 provides relief from 121.652 (a) and (c), permitting a high minimums Captain who is subject to higher landing weather minimum requirements to be dispatched and to operate to the normal (lower) Category I and Category II minimums in accordance with the Table 10.40.3 below.
If RVR < 1000’, the procedure is not authorized
If 1000’<=RVR<1800’, Crews may execute a CAT II approach using procedure B
If RVR >=1800’, Crews may execute using procedure A or B
Procedure A: Execute approach using CAT I procedures to published CAT I DA. Autopilot coupler must be used to DA or missed approach. The following requirements must be met:• Aircraft must be capable of coupled approach.• Captain or First Officer must have at least 75 hours of PIC or SIC in the aircraft.• If RVR/VIS is less than ¾ mile or 4000 RVR, max crosswind 15 kts and braking action must be good or better
Procedure B: Execute approach using CAT II procedures to published CAT II DH. Aircraft must be autolanded. The following requirements must be met:• PIC has at least 300 hours as PIC or SIC in turbojet airplanes.• Airport and aircraft must be capable of CAT II autoland.• Captain or FO must have at least 75 hours of PIC or SIC in the aircraft.• CAT II/III procedures utilized to autoland or missed approach
What is procedure A?
Execute approach using CAT I procedures to published CAT I DA. Autopilot coupler must be used to DA or missed approach. The following requirements must be met:• Aircraft must be capable of coupled approach.• Captain or First Officer must have at least 75 hours of PIC or SIC in the aircraft.• If RVR/VIS is less than ¾ mile or 4000 RVR, max crosswind 15 kts and braking action must be good or better
What is procedure B?
Procedure B: Execute approach using CAT II procedures to published CAT II DH. Aircraft must be autolanded. The following requirements must be met:• PIC has at least 300 hours as PIC or SIC in turbojet airplanes.• Airport and aircraft must be capable of CAT II autoland.• Captain or FO must have at least 75 hours of PIC or SIC in the aircraft.• CAT II/III procedures utilized to autoland or missed approach
Does Frontier use exemption 20144 to dispatch high minimums captains?
No
Do diversions add to the number of sequences for the day in regards to FDP limits?
No. They still count towards flight time limits however
May a flight be continued if you know before you takeoff you’ll exceed flight time limits?
No
At frontier, what time is used for determining duty limits?
Domicile time
Does a deadhead leg at the end of a pairing count towards FDP limits?
No. Only if at the beginning of the pairing
Are flight time extensions permitted prior to takeoff?
No. You can only go over the flight time limits if an unexpected thing happens while you are flying, e.g. an extended hold, an unforeseen diversion, etc.
Are flight duty periods allowed to be extended prior to takeoff?
Yes, assuming that you don’t exceed any cumulative limit, you may exceed by less than 30 minutes without consequences, or 30 minutes or greater once per period in between 30 hours of rest, up to 2 hours
Are flight duty period extensions permitted after takeoff?
Yes, to the extent required to safely complete the flight
Each crewmember must be provided with a minimum of _____ consecutive hours of rest (free of all Company assigned duty) within the past 168 consecutive hour period (This equates to a rolling week)?
30 hours
How many hours of rest is required between flight duty or reserve availability periods? How many hours of uninterrupted sleep opportunity is required?
10 hours of time free from duty, with a minimum of 8 hours of sleep opportunity.
When must crews update their iOS, Lido mPilot, FlySmart+/eQRH, and company-approved DMS applications?
Prior to reporting for duty
When must the EFB be secured?
Only during critical phases of flight
If a pilot lost his/her EFB can they borrow one from a coworker?
Ref: Vol 1, 10.70
Yes
Explain how you would handle an EFB failure before departure, during taxi, or between legs of a trip.
Ref: (FOM VOL. I, Section 10.70)
I would reference the EFB failure flow chart located in FOM VOL 1, Section 10.70 pg. 15
When is the PIC the in-flight security coordinator?
Ref: FOM VOL. 1, section 15.10
Cabin doors shut to cabin doors open
Describe emergency authority?
During an emergency the PIC may deviation from any regulation, policy, or other rule, deemed necessary to ensure the safe outcome of a flight. Exercising emergency authority does not require an emergency to be declared. Whenever emergency authority is exercised the PIC will keep ATC and dispatch fully informed. A written report of the incident must be submitted within 36hrs of the completion of the flight to the director of operations and the chief pilots office.
Must we land at the nearest suitable airport for an inflight engine shutdown?
Generally speaking yes, The PIC must land at the nearest suitable airport, in point of time, at which a safe landing can be made. However, if the PIC determines that landing at the nearest suitable airport isn’t the safest course of action they may choose to land somewhere else, but they’ll have to submit a written report to director off operations stating the reasons for the selection of an airport, other than the nearest suitable airport, was as safe a course of action as landing at the nearest suitable airport.
When is a crew briefing performed to the flight attendants?
(Refer to FOM VOL. 1, Section 15.10)
When practicable, the captain shall conduct a crew briefing with all assigned crew members prior to the first flight of the day. If crews change during the duty day, additional briefing should be done to include new crewmembers.
Must the captain brief all flight attendants?
(Refer to FOM VOL. 1, Section 15.20)
No. But a briefing with the first officer and at least one of the flight attendants (preferably the “A”) is required. The included flight attendant will be responsible for briefing all other flight attendants
Should crew briefings to flight attendants take place near passengers?
No, due to the sensitive nature of the information shared
Must all flight attendants be on board during boarding and de-boarding?
(Refer to FOM VOL. 1, Section 15.20)
Yes
Are pilots allowed to sit in for flight required attendants during boarding or de-boarding?
Generally no. The only exception is on through-flights where a pilot may take their place. Also during through flights only a half compliment of flight attendants is required to stay on board (rounded down on the A321) any time passengers are on board
Who has operational authority to refuse a passenger?
The crew resource officer (CRO)
Who is required in order to board passengers with disabilities, or those who require assistance?
CSA’s or contract vendors
Must a passenger provide a physicians statement stating the use of a portable oxygen concentrator (POC) is necessary? Must the captain be notified?
(Refer to FOM VOL. 1, Section 15.20)
Yes and yes. Also, the captain must be informed of the contents of the physicians statement (normally by the “A” flight attendant) including the magnitude and nature of the passengers oxygen needs.
