Frontier Airlines Study Guide, VOL 3 Flashcards
What does the ON BAT light indicate?
That at least one of the ADIRU’s is powered by the aircrafts battery. Also illuminates briefly during the beginning of a full alignment.
How long will each ADIRU stay on battery power?
ADIRU 2 and 3 will only remain on battery power for 5 minutes to hold alignment until a generator can be restored. ADIRU will remain on battery power until generator power is restored or battery #2 fails.
What information is provided by the “IR” units?
Flight path vector
Attitude
Track
Heading
Acceleration
Airplane position
Ground speed
What information is provided by the ADR units (BOATS)?
Barometric altitude
Overspeed warnings
AOA
Temperatures
Speed/Mach
What does a steady align light mean (older panel with a keypad)?
The respective IR is in the Align mode
What are the indications on the E/WD when an IR is in ALIGN mode?
Before any engine is started (displayed on E/WD):
IR IN ALIGN X MN memo appears in green when at least one active IRS is being aligned
When one engine is started (displayed on E/WD):
IR IN ALIGN X MN memo appears in amber during IRS alignment
IR NOT ALIGNED is displayed as an ECAM Caution Message if the alignment of one IRS is faulty
IR IN ATT ALIGN appears in green during the IR alignment in Attitude Mode
What does a flashing white align light mean (older panel with keypad)?
There are three reasons that the white align lights will flash:
There is no current position
The position is incorrect
The aircraft moved during alignment
How is the crew alertered to the FMGS having no current position, an incorrect position or if the aircraft has moved during the alignment?
IR IN ALIGN X MN memo pulses in green on the E/WD
How do you do a fast alignment of the ADIRU?
Select each ADIRU selector off and then back to NAV (one at a time) within 5 seconds
What does the IR push button do on the newer ADIRS panel?
Inertial data output of the respective IR is disconnected
What does steady illumination of the amber IR FAULT light indicate?
A fault affects the respective IR
What does flashing illumination of the amber IR FAULT light indicate?
Attitude and heading may be recovered in ATT mode (you have lost the navigation portion)
What does the amber ADR FAULT light indicate?
A fault is detected in the Air Data Reference portion
(FOM VOL III-DSC-34-NAV-10-20)
Does turning the IR Mode Rotary switch to OFF also turn off the ADR?
Yes
Can you turn the ADR OFF and still have the IR?
Yes
(FOM VOL III-DSC-34-NAV-10-20)
When is a full ADIRU alignment required? How about a fast alignment?
Full alignment:
Before the first flight of the day
When there is a crew change
When GPS is not available and NAVAID coverage is poor on the expected route
When GPS is not available and the expected flight time exceeds 3 hours
All international and Alaska flights
Flight in Class 2 airspace
Fast alignment:
A fast IRS alignment must be performed if a complete IRS alignment is not necessary N2 the difference between the IRS position and the FMGC position is at or above 5nm (see MCDU POSITION MONITOR page)
What would be missing on the captains PFD and ND if IR1 failed or was turned OFF?
Attitude and navigation information would be lost. ATT and HDG flags will be displayed on the PFD and MAP NOT AVAIL will be on the ND
What action would recover the attitude and navigation information if IR1 failed or was turned off?
Selecting CAPT3 on the EIS Switching Panel AIR DATA Selector
Describe a post flight ADIRU accuracy check?
If the drift for any IR is >5nm, refer to the IRS performance chart located in FOM VOL II, section 3.20
How many ELACS are installed?
2
What are the functions of the ELAC (Elevator aileron computer)?
Normal elevator and stabilizer control
Normal aileron control
Normal pitch and roll
Alternate pitch
Direct pitch and roll
Abnormal attitude
Aileron droop
Acquisition of autopilot orders
Under NORMAL LAW, what does ELAC 1 control?
Primary - aileron control (roll)
Standby - Elevator/Trimmable Horizontal Stabilizer control (backs up ELAC 2)
What does SEC stand for?
Spoiler Elevator Computer
How man SEC’s are installed?
3
What functions are performed by the SEC’s?
Normal roll (by controlling the spoilers)
Speed brakes and ground spoilers (SEC 1 & 3 only)
Alternate pitch (SEC 1 & 2 only)
Direct pitch (SEC 1 & 2)
Direct roll
Abnormal attitude
Under NORMAL LAW, what do the 3 SEC’s control?
Primary- Spoiler control (roll)
Standby - Elevator/Stabilizer control (SEC 1 & 2 back up the ELAC’s)
What is the sole purpose of SEC 3 in NORMAL LAW?
Spoiler control (Spoilers 1 & 2 only)
What does FAC stand for?
Flight augmentation computer
How many FAC’s are installed?
2
What are the functions of the FAC’s?
Normal roll (turn coordination and yaw damping)
Rudder trim
Rudder travel limit
Alternate law
Under NORMAL LAW, what do the FAC’s provide (YAWL)?
Y - yaw control (damping and turn coordination, rudder limiter, rudder trim)
A - airspeed protection computation (Alpha protection, high/low limits, maneuvering speed, PFD speed scale)
W - windshear protection (reactive and not predictive)
L - Low Energy Warning Protection (“speed, speed, speed”)
Is full rudder deflection available during all flight regimes?
No. Rudder deflection is limited as a function of airspeed.
How are the flight control surfaces controlled and actuated?
All surfaces are controlled electrically and actuated hydraulically
When is automatic pitch trim available?
In flight under NORMAL LAW with bank angle less than 33º with or without autopilot engaged
How is roll controlled normally achieved?
1 aileron and 4 spoilers on each wing
If both FAC’s fail, is maximum rudder deflection available?
Yes, after slat extension
How would the flight crew command an evacuation?
Make a PA announcement: “This is the captain, EVACUATE, EVACUATE, EVACUATE”. Then press the EVAC COMMAND push button
What happens if you press the COMMAND push button
In the flight deck, the EVAC light flashes red on the COMMAND button. In the cabin, EVAC lights flash at FWD and AFT attendant panels. Evacuation tone sounds in the cabin
What buses are powered by the emergency generator?
AC ESS and AC ESS SHED buses
DC ESS and EC ESS SHED buses
What is the function of the RAT & EMER GEN push button?
To provide a backup emergency electric and hydraulic power source
When will the RAT automatically extend?
RAT will automatically deploys if AC BUS 1 & 2 are not powered and airspeed is greater than 100 knots
How long does it take the RAT to extend and provide power?
8 seconds (3 seconds for RAT extension, 5 seconds to pressurize the Blue hydraulic system and power the EMER GEN)
What does the red FAULT light on the RAT & EMER GEN push button indicate?
Loss of power to AC bus 1 and 2 and the emergency generator is not supplying power
What powers the emergency generator?
Blue hydraulic power from the RAT
Is there another way to deploy the RAT?
Yes, RAT MAN ON from the HYD panel
What is different about deploying the RAT via the HYD panel?
Blue HYD pressure only - No Emergency Generator
What happens when you push the GEN 1 LINE push button?
GEN 1 Line contactor opens and the white OFF light illuminates
AC BUS 1 is powered by GEN 2 through the BUS TIE CONTACTOR
GEN 1 continues to power 1 fuel pump on each wing tank
When is the GEN 1 line push button used?
During smoke procedures
What does the amber SMOKE light in the GEN 1 LINE push button indicate?
Smoke detected in the avionics ventilation ducting
Will there be any indications when the SMOKE light illuminates on the GEN 1 line push button?
ECAM warning and amber FAULT lights in the EXTRACT and BLOWER pushuttons on the VENTILLATION panel
Pressing the SYS push button does what?
Inhibits all EGPWS warnings except TERR system
What does an amber FAULT light in the SYS push button indicate on the GPWS panel?
Any failure of GPWS mode 1 through 5:
Excessive descent rate “sink rate”
Excessive terrain closure “terrain, terrain”
Altitude loss after takeoff “Don’t sink”
Unsafe terrain clearance “Too low flaps”, “Too low gear”
Excessive GS deviation “Glideslope”
What does LDG FLAP 3 ON light indicate? In this case what will landing memo display?
“Too low, flaps” inhibited for a Flap 3 landing
LDG MEMO displays “Flaps… 3” instead of “CONF…FULL”
When would you press the FLAP MODE push button?
To avoid nuisance warnings when landing with flaps less than 3
If the TERR mode failed does it affect the basic GPWS?
No
When is the RCDR normally on in AUTO?
-On the ground, for 5 minutes after electrical power is supplied to the aircraft
-When at least 1 engine is operating
-In flight
-Stops 5 minutes after the last engine is shut down
How do you record the flight attendant PA’s?
ACP 3 PA VOL knob out and in the 1 o’clock position
When does the digital flight data recorder (DFDR) operate?
ON the ground for 5 minutes after electrical power is supplied to the aircraft
When at least 1 engine is running
Continuously in flight, whether or not the engines are operating
Stops 5 minutes after the last engine is shut down
What is the RCDR push button set to during preflight?
On
What is the purpose of the DFDR EVENT push button?
Briefly pressing this button sets an event mark on the flight data recorder
What does the PASSENGER SYS ON light mean?
The signal to release the oxygen mask doors has been sent
When do the masks automatically deploy?
When cabin altitude exceeds 14,000’
How long does the PAX oxygen last?
Approximately 13-22 minutes
Where is oxygen stored for the crew?
In either a single high-pressure cylinder (CEO’s) or two high-pressure cylinders (NEO aircraft)
What happens during the preflight when you push to extinguish the CREW SUPPLY OFF light?
It electrically opens a valve in the avionics bay to supply low-pressure crew oxygen
What would you notice on the DOOR ECAM page if you set the CREW SUPPLY to ON?
The OXY would change from amber to green
Will the crew oxygen mask microphone automatically be deactivated when the mask is stowed?
No. You must press the RESET/TEST slide switch.
How do you call a mechanic stationed on the outside of the aircraft?
Momentarily press the MECH push button. A blue light on the EXT PWR PANEL will illuminate and an external horn will sound
How do you make a normal call to the attendant indication panel (AIP)?
Press the FWD or AFT call button (This sounds one high/low chime in the cabin)
Listen and transmit on CAB
The flight attendant can only pick up a cabin phone at the station called
What happens when you press the EMER push button?
Two pink lights flash at all area attendant panels
EMERGENCY CALL appears on all AIP indication panels
High/low chime (repeated 3 times) sounds throughout the cabin loudspeakers
What happens when the flight attendants initiate an emergency call?
The white EMER ON light and amber CALL lights flash
The amber ATT lights flash on the ACP’s
3 long buzzers sound in the cockpit (inhibited during critical phases of flight)
System resets when the attendant hangs up the relevant system
When will the RAIN RPLNT push button not work?
On the ground with the engines stopped
Is it permissible to use rain repellant on a dry windscreen?
No. The flight crew should only use rain repellant in moderate to heavy rain
If RWY TURN OFF is selected to ON and the NOSE is selected to TAXI or TO, which lights automatically extinguish after takeoff
The NOSE and RWY TURN OFF lights extinguish when the landing gear is retracted
Are the NAV 1 and 2 positions connected to a single bulb?
No, they are separate bulbs
When do the strobes flash in AUTO?
When the main landing gear strut is not compressed
What does the green AVAIL light on the APU START push button indicate?
APU N is above 99.5% or 2 seconds after N reaches 95%
With the APU green AVAIL light on, and the EXT PWR green AVAIL light on, which system is powering the aircraft?
APU
How long should you wait to push the APU START push button after engaging the APU MASTER switch?
3 seconds
What does an amber FAULT light in the APU MASTER SW push button indicate?
The Electronic Control Box (ECB) commanded an auto shutdown of the APU
What does an amber FAULT light in the APU BLEED push button indicate?
An APU bleed leak
What lights illuminate when the EMER EXIT LT switch is placed to ON?
Proximity emergency escape path marking system
Overhead emergency lights
EXIT signs
What lights illuminate when normal aircraft electrical power fails and the EMER EXIT LT sw is in ARM?
Floor proximity emergency escape path marking system
Overhead emergency lighting
EXIT signs
What occurs when the EMER EXIT LT switch is placed to OFF?
All lights OFF
Amber EMER EXIT LT OFF light illuminates
What flight deck lighting is available if normal electrical power is lost?
Captains instrument panel (2 places)
Right dome light (provide DOME switch is set in DIM or BRT)
Standby compass
When do you use engine anti-ice?
When OAT (ground)/TAT (flight) is 10ºC or below and visible moisture is present
Prior to and during descent in icing conditions (including temperatures below -40ºC SAT)
What is the exception to the anti-ice rule?
Do not use engine anti-ice during climb and cruise when the temperature is below -40ºC SAT
What does a FAULT light in the ENG ANTI ICE push button indicate?
Switch/anti-ice valve disagreement
With ENG ANTI ICE ON what indications will you see?
Blue ENG ANTI ICE light ON
ECAM: ENG ANTI ICE
N1 limit is reduced (amber tick on the N1 indicator)
N1 idle is increased
With engine anti-ice ON, is your descent affected?
Yes, because idle thrust is increased
What happens if you turn on the WING ANTI ICE switch on the ground?
The wing anti-icing valves open for a 30 second test
What part of the wing is heated?
Outboard 3 slats
When do the wing anti-ice valves automatically close?
On landing
Bleed leak detected
Loss of electrical power
What does the amber FAULT light in the WING ANTI ICE push button indicate?
Switch/anti-ice valve disagreement
Low pressure is detected
In what position do the Wing and Engine Anti-Ice valves fail if electrical power is lost?
Wing: valves CLOSE
Engine: valves OPEN
On the ground, with the PROBE/WINDOW HEAT push button in AUTO, when are the probe and mast heaters activated?
LOW with at least one engine running (except TAT probe - its not heated on the ground)
NORMAL is automatically set after takeoff
What does the PROBE/WINDOW HEAT push button do?
Manually activates the probe, and window heaters
Which valves will receive a close command when the DITCHING push button is depressed (ARPO)
Avionics inlet and extract valves
Ram air inlet
Pack flow control valves
Outflow valve (only if in AUTO mode)
Will the DITCHING push button always close the outflow valve?
Not if the outflow valve is under manual control
Can the pilot control the outflow valve?
Yes, select MAN on the MODE SEL and use the MAN V/S CTL switch
How many controllers are in the pressurization system?
2, only one is used at a time and they swap roles after each landing
How do you manually switch controllers (cabin pressure panel)?
Switch MODE SEL to MAN for 10 seconds, then back to AUTO
What does an amber FAULT light in the MODE SEL push button indicate?
Both automatic pressure controllers are faulty
From what source does the pressurization system obtain landing elevation?
FMGC database
When the MODE SEL is out of the AUTO position, how do you select landing elevation?
Manually by selecting the landing elevation via the LDG ELEV dial
What protects the airframe from excessive cabin differential pressure?
2 pressure relief valves (safety valves)
How many outflow valve motors are installed?
3, one for each CPC and one for manual control
The pneumatic system is monitored and controlled by?
2 Bleed monitoring computers (BMC)
If one BMC fails, can the other take over?
Yes, they are interconnected. If BMC 1 fails:
APU and ENG 1 leak detection are not monitored
ECAM APU BLEED LEAK warning is lost
The PACK FLOW selector has LO, NORM, and HI positions (A320). What does this allow us to do?
Select pack flow rates of LO (80%), NORM (100%), and HIGH (120%) of NORM.
What pack flow rate is automatically selected when APU bleed air is in use or during single pack operation?
HI (120% of NORM)
If the engine bleed air in-flight is too low, what will occur?
Minimum idle speed is automatically increased to provide adequate bleed air pressure
What would cause and amber FAULT light to illuminate on the PACK 1 and/or PACK 2 push button?
Overheat - pack outlet
Overheat - compressor outlet
Disagreement - switch position vs pack flow control valve position
Note: FAULT light will be illuminated when no bleed air is supplied
What does the amber FUALT light on the ENG 1 BLEED and/or ENG 2 BLEED push button (OOLD)?
Overpressure - Downstream of the bleed valve
Overheat
Leak - low pressure
Disagreement - APU bleed valve open and engine bleed valve not closed, or engine start with bleed valve not closed
What are the 2 functions of the engine bleed valves?
To act as:
Pressure regulation
Shut off valves
At what cabin differential pressure does the RAM AIR valve open?
Differential pressure less than +/- 1 PSI
What logic controls the X-bleed valve when the X-BLEED switch is in AUTO?
When APU bleed valve is OPEN, the X-bleed valve is open
When APU bleed valve is CLOSED, the X-bleed valve is closed
X-bleed also CLOSES for wing, pylon, or APU duct leak (except during engine start)
What causes the Pack Flow Control valve to automatically close?
Upstream pressure below minimum
Pack overheat
Engine start sequence
Engine fire push button on the related side is pressed
DITCHING push button is selected
What does an AMBER FAULT light in the HOT AIR push button indicate?
Duct overheat - the Hot Air and Trim Air valves close automatically
How many air conditioning system controllers are there?
- Each air conditioning system controller has 2 lanes (active/standby)
Describe how the air conditioning system controller regulates temperature?
Basic temperature regulation: both packs produce the required outlet temperature determined by the lowest demanded zone temperature
Optimized temperature regulation: Hot air is added to the individual zones by the trim air valves to maintain the desired zone temperatures
What occurs when an active lane of an air conditioning system controller fails?
The second lane takes over
What occurs when both lanes of an air conditioning system controller fails?
The related pack is lost. The hot air pressure regulating valve and associated trim air valve(s) close
How does the air conditioning system controller configure its associated pack ram air inlet flap for takeoff and landing to avoid the ingestion of foreign matter?
Takeoff: Pack Ram Air inlet flap closes when takeoff power is set and the main landing gear struts are compressed. It reopens after main landing gear extension
Landing: Pack Ram air inlet flap closes as soon as the main landing gear struts are compressed and speed >= 70 knots. Reopens 20 seconds after speed is less than 70 knots.
If an air cycle machine (ACM) fails, what occurs?
The affected pack flow control valve will close automatically
After engine start with the APU BLEED push button ON, what source is supplying bleed air to the packs?
APU bleed
When does the Lav/Galley Extract fan operate?
Continuously when electrical power is available
When performing the PRELIMINARY FLIGHT DECK PREPERATION, what is the minimum battery voltage?
25.5 volts
What do you do if the voltage is below 25.5 volts?
Select BATT push buttons to ON with EXT PWR on aircraft. This starts the charging cycle (approximately 20 minutes is required)
When performing the FLIGHT DECK PREPARATION, what are we looking for on the ELEC panel BAT check?
ECAM ELEC page - select
Bat 1 & 2 - off then on
Check BATT current is < 60 amps after 10 seconds and continues to decrease
Will the batteries completely drain if you leave the BAT switches in AUTO after AC power is removed on the ground?
No. Battery cutoff logic prevents the complete discharge when the aircraft is on the ground and unpowered - 22VDC
How is the BATTERY BUS normally powered?
DC BUS 1 through a DC tie contactor
What does the amber FAULT light in the GALLEY push button indicate
At least one generator load is above 100% rated output
How does the GALLEY push button work in AUTO?
Sheds main galley, IFE and in-seat power supply if:
Only 1 generator (APU or Engine) is available in FLIGHT, or
Only 1 ENGINE generator is available on the GROUND
What does a FAULT on the ENG GEN push button indicate?
The generator line contactor is open because of a fault detected by the generator control unit (GCU) which could include:
Overload
Over/under voltage
Differential fault (short), and/or;
The generator line contactor is open
What does the APU GEN FAULT light indicate?
The generator line contactor is open because of a fault detected by the GCU
When is the APU GEN FAULT light inhibited?
APU speed too low
Line contactor OPEN after EXT RWR or ENG GEN takes over
What is the function of the BUS TIE in the AUTO position?
Allows the BUS TIE CONTACTORS to open and close automatically to maintain power to both AC BUS 1 & 2:
Allows a single source to power the entire system
Allows connection of the APU GEN or EXT PWR to the system
Inhibits multiple sources to connect simultaneously
What does an IDG FAULT light indicate?
Oil pressure low (inhibited when N2 < 14%)
Oil outlet temperature overheat
Light is inhibited when IDG is disconnected
What precautions must you take when disconnecting an IDG?
Do not disconnect when the engine is not operating or windmilling
Do not hold down the button longer than 3 seconds
How can an IDG be reset?
Only on the ground by maintenance
What is the function of the AC ESS FEED push button in the normal position?
Allows AC BUS 1 to power the AC ESS BUS
How is AC ESS FEED transferred from AC BUS 1 to AC BUS 2?
Manually by selecting ALTN on the AC ESS FEED push button or automatically if AC BUS 1 is lost and the switch is in the normal position
What does the AC ESS FEED push button white ALTN light indicate?
AC BUS 2 is powering the AC ESS BUS
What is the purpose of the static inverter?
To provide AC power to the AC ESS bus from the battery when the EMG GEN is not online when in the Emergency Electrical Configuration
What are the 3 times the batteries are connected to the battery bus?
APU start
Battery charging
AC BUS 1 & 2 not powered and airspeed below 100 knots
What is the priority sequence for electrical power (GEARB)?
Generators
EXT PWR (Manually selected)
APU generator
RAT emergency generator
Batteries
With the APU green AVAIL light on and the EXT PWR blue ON light illuminated, which system is power the aircraft?
EXT PWR
What is the significance of the green and red collared circuit breakers on the flight deck?
Green - monitored by the ECAM
Red - Wing tip brake C/B
Black - not monitored by the ECAM
What is the normal in-flight fuel management scheme?
Use the center tank first, then the wing tanks
How many fuel pumps are installed?
5 total
2 in each wink tank
2 in the center tank
1 APU pump to provide fuel to the APU when the left wing/center tank pumps are off
With full fuel, when do the center tank fuel pumps operate (A320)?
For 2 minutes after BOTH engines are started (if slats are retracted, pumps will continue to operate)
After slat retraction
Continue to run for 5 minutes until the center tank is empty or slats are extended
What will cause a FUEL MODE SEL FAULT light?
Failure of the AUTO mode
Center tank contains more than 550lbs and either main tank has less than 11,000lbs
When do the main tank outer cells drain into the inner tanks (A320)?
When the inner tank quantity reaches 1,650lbs
If only one tank reaches 1,650lbs, what happens to the other transfer valve (A320)?
All 4 transfer valves open
Once opened to transfer fuel, how are the fuel transfer valves closed?
Automatically at the next refueling operation
How is the IDG cooled?
By fuel from the HP fuel pump, drawn in from the fuel manifold, and then returned to its respective outer tank. When full, then outer tank spills over in to the inner tank.
If the IDG return fuel fills the wing tanks, what occurs?
The center tank pumps turn off until the wing tank quantity is reduced by 1,100lbs
What does an amber FAULT light in the FUEL PUMP push button indicate?
Low fuel delivery pressure
Can fuel be transferred from one tank to another?
Only during ground refueling
Why are the outer wing tanks drained last?
Structural wing bending moment relief
When does the APU fuel pump run?
When the wing or center tank pumps are off or when the aircraft is on battery power only
