Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Foundations of Medicine > FOM 7.4.2 > Flashcards

FOM 7.4.2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main components of the CNS?

A

Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the main components of the PNS?

A

Sensory ganglia, sensory nerves, somatic motor, and autonomic motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are ganglia?

A

Local accumulations of nerve cell bodies and supporting cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the role of the frontal lobe?

A

primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of the parietal lobe ?

A

primary somatosensory complex (postcentral gyrus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the role of the occipital lobe?

A

Visual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the role of temporal lobe?

A

Auditory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are substantia nigra?

A

Nucleus of the midbrain - compact accumulation of neurons having roughly similar connections and functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a common characteristic of parkinsons?

A

absence of substantia nigra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is corticol grey matter in the brain?

A

It is peripheral and is an accumulation of cell bodies and neurophil in the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is white matter in the brain?

A

centrally located axon tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the basic process during MS?

A

demyelinated plaque formations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is in the first layer of grey matter?

A

Neurophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is in layer 2 and 3 of grey matter?

A

Primary corticocortical connections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is in layer 4 or grey matter?

A

Major source of stellate neurons and major sense relay from periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is in layer 5 and 6 of grey matter?

A

pyramidal neurons whose axons can leave the cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the purpose of the cerebellum?

A

Balance and coordination Think Michael Jordan has THE BEST cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the purpose of the posterior funiculus?

A

Pressure; propioreception; touch and vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of the cortical spinal tracts?

A

Upper motor neuron to lower motor neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How does ALS affect nerves?

A

It damages nerves in the upper and lower motors. Leads to loss of function

21
Q

What is the cell on the left and what is the cell on the right?

A

Left - pyramidal cell

RIght - Interneuron

22
Q

Whati is the role of the dendrite?

A

Input of signal

23
Q

What does the cell body do?

A

Integration of the signal

24
Q

What does the axon do?

A

Integrate the signal

25
Q

What is the role of the synapse?

A

Output of signal

26
Q

What are important CNS glial cells?

A

Astrocytes (probably more but there wants anything else said about others)

27
Q

Describe protoplasmic astrocytes?

A

prominent in grey matter with wavy and fluffy processes

28
Q

What is a fibrous astrocyte?

A

Prominent in white matter and have fine long processes

29
Q

Describe the formation of the blood brain barrier

A

Astrocytes induce formation of the blood brain barrier by inducing endothelial cells to express tight junction proteins (zonula occludens)

30
Q

What is the pia mater?

A

Connective tissue on top of the brain and spinal cord

31
Q

What is the arachnoid?

A

connective tissue and elongated fibroblasts

32
Q

What is important about the subarachnoid space?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid is running here

33
Q

What is the dura mater composed of?

A

Dense connective tissue

34
Q

What are each of these arrows pointing to?

A

Top to bottom

Dendrite, cell body, axon and synapse

35
Q

What are each of these bracket representing?

A

Top to bottom

Dura mater, subarachnoid space, arachnoid, and pia mater

36
Q

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid produced?

A

choroid plexus

37
Q

What is the ventricular system?

A

interconnected fluid filled spaces that lie in the forebrain and brain stem. 4th ventricle narrows to form brainstem

38
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is what?

A

The flight or fight response, has thoracic innervation

39
Q

Where are preganglionic neurons located in the sympathetic system?

A

In the thoracic spinal cord

40
Q

What is the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Rest and digest

41
Q

Preganglionic neurons are locate where in the parasympathetic response?

A

In the brainstem and sacral spinal cord

42
Q

What is this a picture of?

A

sympathetic ganglia

43
Q

What is the enteric nervous system?

A

small ganglia scattered throughout the wall of the gut

44
Q

What are the layers of the periperial from inside to out?

A

Endoneurium - Perineurium - Epineurium

45
Q

What is wallerian degeneration?

A

Rapid degeneration after peripherial injury

46
Q

Diabetes can cause damage to what two small vasculature areas?

A

Retinopathy - eye

Peripherial neuropathy - feet mainly

47
Q

What is charcot - marie - tooth disease?

A

Peripherial neuropathy from defect in P22 gene

48
Q
A

Foundations of Medicine (79 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions