FOM 3.4.1

Question 1

What are the five type of cellular motility?

Answer 1

Scaffolds, Motors, and Traction Cell Division Transport Ameboid Movement Cilia/flagella

Question 2

What are the four motors?

Answer 2

Mysoin I & II, Kinesin, & Cytoplasmic dynein

Question 3

Which motor of the four only has one head?

Answer 3

Myosin I

Question 4

What type of filament does each of the motors bind?

Answer 4

Mysoin I & II: Actin Kinesin & Cytoplasmic Dynein: Microtubule

Question 5

What is the direction of movement of the motors?

Answer 5

Mysoin I & II, Kinesin : Plus Cytoplasmic Dynein: Minus

Question 6

What are the components of the dynein complex? And what is each pointing to?

Answer 6

(5)Dynein, (4)Arp1 filament, (3)spectrin, (2) ankyrin, (1) membrane glycoprotein and vesicle

Question 7

What must kinesin do while walking towards the plus end of a MT?

Answer 7

It must keep one leg bound at all times. ATP is used to walk along.

Question 8

In axonal transport, which motor carries signals down the axon while another motor carries the recycled synaptic vesicle back?

Answer 8

Kinesin, Cytoplasmic dynein

Question 9

Crowd surfing is analogous to what?

Answer 9

Microtubules or Actin gliding over motors

Question 10

What are the three mechanisms for ameboid movement?

Answer 10

Actin based (majority) MT based Focal Adhesions (FA)

Question 11

What is the name for the projection that extends away from the nucleus?

Answer 11

Lamellipodium

Question 12

When a cell forms a lamellipodium, does unpolymerized actin move towards or away from it?

Answer 12

Towards

Question 13

Actin is concentrated at the edge of newly forming projections. What is actin mixed with right behind that edge?

Answer 13

Cofilin

Question 14

What site does integrin bind on fibronectin and laminin?

Answer 14

RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid)

Question 15

When a microtubule comes in contact with a focal adhesion, what are the two things that can happen?

Answer 15

1) MT can lose its GTP cap and rapidly breakdown 2) The FA can be signal to disrupt or break apart

Question 16

Do MT’s grow towards the leading edge where FA’s are being formed?

Answer 16

Yes, the MT can travel over the top

Question 17

What type of attraction exists b/t MT & FA?

Answer 17

Fatal attraction

Question 18

For a an in situ cancer to become invasive, what must it do? What molecules does it use to perform this action?

Answer 18

It must dissolve the basement membrane. To do so, cells produce MMPs (Matrix MetalloProteinases)

Question 19

What are MMPs involved in?

Answer 19

Embryonic development, tissue morphogenesis, wound repair, inflammatory dz, cancer

Question 20

MMP-2 degrades what type of collagen?

Answer 20

Type IV

Question 21

What cleaves Pro-MMP-2?

Answer 21

MT-MMP-1

Question 22

Active MMP-2 is completely inhibited by the binding of what?

Answer 22

TIMP-2 (Tissue Inhibitors of Matrix MetalloProteinases)

Question 23

What is the complex that can activate Pro-MMP-2?

Answer 23

Dimerized MT1-MMP docked on CD44H in association with TIMP-2. (All 4 parts must be present)

Question 24

What is the motor of cilia and flagella (made of MT)?

Answer 24

Dynein

Question 25

With an anchor, dynein would produce MT sliding. Because the MT’s are anchored in cilia/flagella what is the result of dynein’s action?

Answer 25

Bending

Question 26

Do cilia have mechanical stimulation? What molecule is released and spread to surrounding cells via gap junctions?

Answer 26

Yes; Ca (Calcium wave)