FOI Test Comm 2 Flashcards
Both internal and external factors affect an individual’s ability to perceive:
Physical Organisms
Goals and Values
Self-Concept
Time and Opportunity
Element of Threat
Define Learning
Change in behavior due to experience and practice
Behavior Potential
Possible behavior in a situation to achieve goals
Learning Theory
Body of principles explaining how skill, knowledge, and attitudes are acquired
Behaviorism
Based on the study and measurement of observable behavior
- All humans learn in the same manner
- Humans will respond to their environment in predictable ways
- Behaviors can be learned
Aviation training
in aviation training the instructor provides the reinforcement
Cognitive Theory
Focuses on what is going on inside the learners mind
- Theorizes that learnings not just a change in behavior, it is the change in the way a learner thinks, understands, or feels
Characteristics of Learning (PEMA)
purposeful - find ways to relate new learning to the learners goals
experience - Learner can learn only from personal experiences
multifaceted - May include verbal, conceptual, perceptual emotional, and problem solving
active - Learners need to react and respond, perhaps outwardly, perhaps only inwardly, emotionally, or intellectually
Effect
Emotional reactions strengthen or weaken learning.
Exercise
Repetition enhances memory and skill retention.
Primacy
First learned concepts create strong impressions.
Intensity
Vivid experiences enhance learning retention.
Recency
Recent learning is best remembered.
Perception
Meaning given to sensations from experiences.
Insight
Grouping perceptions into meaningful wholes.
Memory
Integral part of learning; includes three types.
Theories of Forgetting
Explains why information is lost over time.
Retention
Thorough learning resists forgetting.
Transfer of Learning
Previous learning aids or hinders new learning.
Positive Transfer
Previous learning aids in new skill acquisition.
Negative Transfer
Previous learning interferes with new skill acquisition.
Cognitive Domain
Knowledge related to facts and concepts.
Affective Domain
Relates to attitudes, beliefs, and values.
Psychomotor Domain
Concerns physical skills and motor actions.
Learning Styles
Different approaches to absorbing and processing information.
Right Brain Dominance
Spatial, creative, intuitive, and emotional learning.
Left Brain Dominance
Verbal, analytical, and objective learning.
Holistic Learning
Big picture approach to understanding concepts.
Serialistic Learning
Linear step-by-step approach to learning.
Deliberate Practice
Goal-oriented practice with specific feedback.
Blocked Practice
Repeating the same task for short-term gains.
Random Practice
Mixing skills during practice for better retention.
