Fluids Physics Flashcards
What does specific gravity tell us?
How dense something is when compared to water
What is pressure?
Force divided by area
What is hydrostatic gauge pressure?
Pressure due to water in tank
What is hydrostatic gauge pressure proportional to?
Depth and density
Under what circumstances is total pressure not proportional to depth and density of the liquid?
When pressure on the surface does not equal zero
If the density of a liquid is constant it is said to be
Incompressible
What is buoyant force equal to?
Weight of the fluid displaced by the object
Archimedes principle
Buoyant force = weight of fluid displaced by the object
If density of object is less than density of fluid
Object will float
If object density greater than fluid density
Object will sink
When does static equilibrium result?
When object has same density as fluid
Pascals law
Confined fluid will transmit an externally applied pressure change to all parts of the fluid and container without a loss of magnitude
What is flow rate?
Volume of fluid that passes a particular point per unit time
What is flow speed?
How fast the fluid moves
When does flow speed increase?
When tubes narrow
When does flow speed decrease?
When tube widens
What is the relationship between flow speed and cross sectional area?
Inversely proportional
What are requirements for ideal fluid flow?
Fluid is incompressible, viscosity is negligible, streamlines are visible, flow rate is steady
What condition of flow does bernoullis equation apply to?
Ideal fluid flow
What is efflux speed?
How fast fluid will flow out
What is torcellis result?
Shows the efflux
When flow speed is greater, what is pressure?
Pressure is lower
What is stress?
Force divided by area
Why doesn’t stress equal pressure?
It does not have to be perpendicular to the area that it acts on
What is strain?
Ratio of appropriate change in length to objects original length
What is Hookes law?
Stress is proportional to strain
What is Young’s modulus?
Constant of proportionality for tensile or compressive stress
What is shear modulus?
Constant of proportionality for shear stress
For tensile tensile or compressive stress what is strain equal to?
Change in length over original length
For shear strain what is strain equal to?
Distance of shear over original length
