Equilibrium

Question 1

What is equilibrium?

Answer 1

State at which both forward and reverse reactions will occur at a constant rate

Question 2

If Keq is greater than one what is favored?

Answer 2

Products

Question 3

If Keq is less than one what is favored?

Answer 3

Reactants

Question 4

If Keq is equal to 1 what does this mean?

Answer 4

Reaction has equal amounts of reactants and products

Question 5

If Q is less than Keq what is favored in reaction?

Answer 5

Forward. Products

Question 6

If Q is greater than Keq what is favored?

Answer 6

Reverse. Reactants

Question 7

Le chateliers principle

Answer 7

If a system is in equilibrium it will try to neutralize any imposed change to reestablish equilibrium

Question 8

According to LCP if pressure is increased and volume is decreased what direction is the reaction favored?

Answer 8

Towards direction with lower amounts of gas to reestablish equilibrium

Question 9

According to LCP if there is a decrease in pressure and increase in volume, which direction is favored in reaction?

Answer 9

The direction with more moles of gas to reestablish equilibrium

Question 10

If add catalyst to a system at equilibrium, what occurs?

Answer 10

Nothing because it increases rate of both forward and reverse equally

Question 11

What are electrolytes?

Answer 11

Free ions in a solution that can conduct electricity

Question 12

Describe solubility of strong electrolytes

Answer 12

Dissociate completely and are better conductors

Question 13

Describe solubility of weak electrolytes

Answer 13

Partially dissociate

Question 14

What is a vant hoff factor?

Answer 14

Tells how many ions one unit of substance will produce in a solution

Question 15

What is a saturated solution?

Answer 15

Solution in which no more solute will dissolve. Precipitation occurs at the same time as dissolving. Solid form and dissolved form are at equilibrium

Question 16

What does solubility vary with?

Answer 16

Temperature

Question 17

The solubility of solids in liquids increases when what happens

Answer 17

Temp increases

Question 18

Solubility of gases in liquids tend to what with temp

Answer 18

Decrease with temp

Question 19

Solubility with gas in liquid tend to what with pressure?

Answer 19

Increase with pressure

Question 20

Are silver, lead, and Mercury salts soluble or insoluble

Answer 20

Insoluble. Unless paired with nitrate, perchlorate, or acetate

Question 21

What group of metal salts are soluble?

Answer 21

Group I

Question 22

Are ammonium salts soluble?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

What 3 negatively charged salts are soluble?

Answer 23

Nitrate, perchlorate, and acetate

Question 24

What is the effect of partial pressure of gas above liquid on solubility?

Answer 24

As this partial pressure increases, dissolved gas increase but equilibrium constant remains the same

Question 25

What is molar solubility?

Answer 25

Number of moles of salts that will saturate a liter of water

Question 26

If the ion product is less than solubility product constant, which direction is reaction favored?

Answer 26

Forward. More salt can be dissolved

Question 27

If ion product is greater than solubility constant, what direction of reaction is favored?

Answer 27

Reversed. Excess salt will precipitate

Question 28

If ion product is equal to solubility constant, what does this tell us?

Answer 28

Solution is saturated

Question 29

Common ion effect

Answer 29

Molar solubility decreases if another solute is added that has the same ion