Flipped Classroom: Lipoproteins IV

Question 1

Low HDL dyslipidemia that is also known as fish-eyed disease

Answer 1

LCAT deficiency

Question 2

Characterized by reduced HDL (less than 10) and ApoA-I levels(less than 50), elevated TAGs, and decreased LDL

Answer 2

LCAT deficiency

Question 3

LCAT deficiency is also characterized by early onset

-more pronounced than those in ApoA1 deficiency and Tangier disease

Answer 3

Corneal opacifications

Question 4

Essential for HDL maturation to HDL3 and HDL2

Answer 4

LCAT

Question 5

Free cholesterol is greatly increased in the plasma and peripheral tissues because it cannot be converted to CEs in

Answer 5

LCAT deficiency

Question 6

Low HDL due to loss-of-function mutations in ABCA1

Answer 6

Tangier Disease (familial alphalipoprotein deficiency)

Question 7

In Tangier disease, loss of ABCA1 means that ApoA-i is not appropriately lipidated and thus is

Answer 7

Rapidly cleared

Question 8

This results in markedly reduced levels of ApoA-I and very small amounts of plasma

Answer 8

HDL

Question 9

Patients with Tangier disease are characterized by a profound decrease in HDL (less than 5mg/dL) and ApoA-I (4 mg/dL) as well as elevated TAG levels and decreased

Answer 9

LDL levels (50% of normal)

Question 10

Shows the major clinical findings of enlarged ORANGE tonsils, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and occasionally mild corneal opacification

Answer 10

Tangier Disease

Question 11

Inhibits the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the intestine by out-competing cholesterol for the Niemann-Pick C1-like protein

Answer 11

Ezetimibe

Question 12

This interruption of cholesterol absorption stimulates

Answer 12

LDLR expression in the liver

Question 13

LDLR expression in the liver in turn increases

Answer 13

LDL clearance form circulation

Question 14

Can lower plasma triglyceride levels, raise plasma HDL, and reduce plasma LDL

Answer 14

Daily consumption of up to 3g Nicotinic acid (Vitamin B3)

Question 15

Frequently causes light-headedness, cutaneous flushing, or pruritus

Answer 15

Niacin (nicotinic acid)

Question 16

This can be alleviated by contaminant use of

Answer 16

Aspirin

Question 17

Activate PPARa transcription factors that lead to both increae LPL activity and an increased rate of B-oxidation

Answer 17

Fibrate drugs

Question 18

Finally, there is a new monoclonal antibody drug that targets

Answer 18

PCSK9

Question 19

Blocking the activity of PCSK9 has what effect?

Answer 19

Reduces degredation of LDLRs and thus increases LDL clearance