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Fire Protection Flashcards

1
Q

What does the fire and smoke protection system include?

A
  • Fire and overheat detection for the engines and APU
  • Smoke detection for the cargo compartments, lavatories, and avionics bay
  • Fire extinguishing for the cargo compartments, engines, APU, and lavatories
  • Portable fire extinguishers in the cockpit and cabin areas.
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2
Q

What are the components of the fire and overheat detection system for the engines and APU?

A

Two identical detection loops (A and B) mounted in parallel and a Fire Detection Unit (FDU).

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3
Q

What does each fire detection loop consist of?

A
  • Three or four engine fire sensing elements in the pylon nacelle, engine core, and engine fan section
  • One fire sensing element in the APU compartment.
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4
Q

What happens when a sensing element is subjected to heat?

A

It sends a signal to the Fire Detection Unit (FDU).

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5
Q

What triggers the fire warning system?

A

When loops A and B detect temperature above a preset level.

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6
Q

True or False: A fault in one detection loop affects the warning system.

A

False

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7
Q

Where are the portable fire extinguishers located in the aircraft?

A

In the cockpit and cabin areas.

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8
Q

What is the role of the Fire Detection Unit (FDU)?

A

To receive signals from the fire sensing elements.

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9
Q

How does the fire detection system ensure continued protection if one loop fails?

A

The unaffected loop still protects the aircraft.

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10
Q

What is the function of the fire extinguisher bottles in engines?

A

Each engine has two fire extinguisher bottles with electrically-operated squibs to discharge their agents.

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11
Q

How does the flight crew control the fire extinguisher bottles in the engines?

A

The flight crew controls the discharge from the FIRE panel in the cockpit.

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12
Q

What happens when an APU fire is detected on the ground?

A

The APU automatically shuts down and the extinguisher bottle discharges automatically.

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13
Q

What triggers a fire warning?

A

A fire warning appears if:
* Both loops A and B send a fire signal
* One loop sends a fire signal and the other one is failed
* Breaks occur in both loops within 5 s of each other
* A test is performed on the FIRE panel.

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14
Q

What does a loop-fault caution indicate?

A

A loop-fault caution appears if the associated loop is failed.

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15
Q

What actions are performed when the ENG 1(2) FIRE PB-SW is pushed?

A

The following occurs:
* Silences the aural fire warning
* Arms the fire extinguisher squibs
* Closes the low-pressure fuel valve
* Closes the hydraulic fire shut off valve
* Closes the engine bleed valve
* Closes the pack flow control valve
* Cuts off the FADEC power supply
* Deactivates the IDG.

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16
Q

What indication is given when the ENG 1(2) FIRE warning is activated?

On ENG 1(2) FIRE PB-SW

A

The red lights come on, regardless of the PB-SW position.

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17
Q

When does the AGENT 1(2) PB is activated?

A

When flight crew releases the ENG 1(2) FIRE pb-sw.

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18
Q

What does a brief push on the AGENT pb do?

A

It discharges the corresponding fire agent.

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19
Q

What is indicated by the ‘SQUIB’ light?

A

‘SQUIB’ comes on white when the flight crew releases the ENG 1(2) FIRE pb-sw to help identify the activated AGENT pb.

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20
Q

What does the ‘DISCH’ light signify?

A

‘DISCH’ comes on amber when the corresponding fire extinguisher bottle has lost pressure.

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21
Q

What does the ENG 1(2) FIRE TEST PB do?

A

It tests the operation of the fire detection and extinguishing system for ENG 1(2).

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22
Q

What are the indications when the ENG 1(2) FIRE TEST PB is pressed?

A

The following occurs:
* A CRC sounds
* The MASTER WARNING lights flash
* ENG FIRE warning appears on ECAM
* ENG 1(2) FIRE pb-sw lights up red
* SQUIB lights come on white if discharge supplies are available
* DISCH lights come on amber.

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23
Q

What does the APU FIRE PB-SW do when pressed?

A

It performs the following:
* Shuts down the APU
* Silences the aural warning
* Arms the squib on the APU fire extinguisher
* Closes the low-pressure fuel valve
* Shuts off the APU fuel pump
* Closes the APU bleed valve and X bleed valve
* Deactivates the APU generator.

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24
Q

What does the APU FIRE TEST PB do?

A

It tests the operation of the APU fire detection and extinguishing system.

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25
What occurs when smoke is detected in the avionics ventilation system?
The following happens: * The Single Chime (SC) sounds * The MASTER CAUTION lights flash * The ECAM AVIONICS SMOKE alert triggers * The SMOKE light of the GEN 1 LINE pb-sw comes on * The FAULT lights of the BLOWER pb-sw and the EXTRACT pb-sw come on.
26
What does the GEN 1 LINE PB-SW indicate?
The amber light comes on when smoke is detected in the avionics ventilation duct.
27
What does the BLOWER PB-SW indicate?
The amber light comes on when smoke is detected in the avionics ventilation duct.
28
What does the EXTRACT PB-SW indicate?
The amber light comes on when smoke is detected in the avionics ventilation duct.
29
What does the APU FIRE TEST PB test?
The operation of the APU fire detection and extinguishing system ## Footnote The APU stands for Auxiliary Power Unit.
30
What happens when the APU FIRE TEST PB is pressed?
* A CRC sounds * The MASTER WARN light flashes * APU FIRE warning appears on ECAM * APU FIRE pb-sw lights up red * SQUIB light comes on white if discharge supplies are available * DISCH light comes on amber ## Footnote CRC stands for Centralized Fault Display System.
31
What may occur if the APU fire test is performed for more than 3 seconds on the ground?
The automatic shutdown of the APU may occur ## Footnote This is a safety feature to prevent damage or hazards.
32
What occurs when the fire test is performed on the ground with only batteries supplying the electrical network?
* SQUIB light and DISCH light come on without ECAM warnings * Red APU FIRE pb-sw light partially comes on ## Footnote This indicates limited electrical availability.
33
What does the ENG 1(2) FIRE LIGHT indicate? ## Footnote Engine master pannel
The engine to be shutdown in the case of fire ## Footnote The light comes on red when an engine fire warning is triggered.
34
What happens when an APU fire is detected?
* The red APU FIRE light comes on * An external warning horn sounds * The APU fire extinguisher discharges automatically 3 seconds after the fire warning appears * The light goes out when the fire has been extinguished ## Footnote The APU fire warning system is crucial for safety.
35
What is the function of the APU SHUT OFF PB? ## Footnote Located at External power pannel
Manual APU emergency shutdown ## Footnote It closes the APU low pressure fuel shutoff valve and starts the shutdown sequence.
36
What happens when the APU SHUT OFF PB is pressed?
* Closes the APU low pressure fuel shutoff valve * Starts the shutdown sequence without a cool down cycle * Silences the external warning horn ## Footnote This is used in emergency situations detected by ground crew.
37
What does the TEST PB-SW test? ## Footnote Located at maintenance panel
Test the following circuits * Fire warning * Auto extinguishing * Shutdown ## Footnote The APU MASTER sw must be ON during the test sequence.
38
What indicates that all circuits are operating correctly during the TEST PB-SW?
The OK light comes on ## Footnote If the APU was running, it shuts down during this test.
39
What does the RESET PB do? ## Footnote Located at maintenance panel
Resets the test circuit ## Footnote This allows for retesting of the APU systems.
40
What is the purpose of the smoke detector in the avionics ventilation system?
To detect smoke in the air extraction duct ## Footnote This is a safety feature to prevent hazards in the avionics area.
41
What components make up the lavatory smoke detection system?
One smoke detector in the air extraction duct, a double channel Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU) or Cabin Intercommunication Data Systems (CIDS) with a Smoke Detection Function (SDF) ## Footnote The SDCU or CIDS triggers alerts in the cockpit and cabin.
42
What happens when smoke is detected in a lavatory?
The detector sends a signal to the SDCU or CIDS, which transmits it to the Flight Warning Computer (FWC) for warning in the cockpit and cabin.
43
What safety feature is present in each lavatory wastebin?
An automatic fire extinguishing system.
44
How many smoke detectors are in the forward cargo compartment of the A321?
4 smoke detectors ## Footnote A320 only has 2 smoke detectors.
45
How many smoke detectors are in the aft cargo compartment of the A321?
6 smoke detectors ## Footnote A320 only has 4 smoke detectors.
46
What principle do the smoke detectors in the cargo compartments operate on?
Dual loop principle.
47
What triggers the cargo smoke warning?
Both smoke detectors detect smoke or one smoke detector detects smoke and the other is inoperative.
48
What happens to the cargo isolation valves when the cargo smoke warning is activated?
They close automatically.
49
What happens to the extraction fan when the cargo smoke warning is activated?
It stops.
50
What does the A320 cargo fire extinguishing system consist of?
Two fire bottles with two discharge heads, supplying three nozzles: * One nozzle in the FWD CRG compartment * Two nozzles in the aft CRG compartment.
51
How long does it take for bottle 1 to discharge?
Approximately 60 seconds.
52
How long does the flow metering system control the discharge of bottle 2 in A320?
For at least 75 minutes.
53
What indicates that bottle 1 or bottle 2 is empty?
The BTL 1(2) light comes on.
54
How many fire bottles does the A321 have for cargo compartments?
One fire bottle with two discharge heads.
55
What is the discharge time for the fire bottle in the A321?
Approximately 60 seconds.
56
What is the duration of the agent concentration provided by the fire extinguishing system in the A321?
60 minutes.
57
What happens when the fire bottle in the A321 is empty?
The DISCH light comes on amber.
58
What does SMOKE LIGHT indicated ? ## Footnote Cargo smoke pannel
* Both channels detect smoke or * One channel detects smoke and the other channel iss faulty
59
How can you test the operation of the cargo smoke detection system ?
press the TEST PB on cargo smoke pannel for at least 3s and release until test is sastified.
60
What happen when you press the TEST pb ? ## Footnote On cargo smoke pannel
* Tests the smoke detectors in sequence * Turns on the red SMOKE lights twice, and displays the ECAM warning * Closes the isolation valves of the cargo ventilation system  * The DISCH lights come on in amber.

A321 (26 decks)

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