final 11-12

Question 1

is a set of shared beliefs, values, and patterns of behavior within a group of people.

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

a comprehensive, culturally influenced way of approaching and understanding the world around you.

Answer 2

Worldview

Question 3

the ability to simultaneously know the norm for a group and recognize that the norm might not apply to every member of that group.

Answer 3

Dynamic sizing

Question 4

is a psychological approach that highlights the importance and value of multiple cultural groups within a society.

Answer 4

Multiculturalism

Question 5

managing a life that involves the coexistence of more than one culture. Acculturation is basically how much to hold on to your old culture and how much to accept the new one.

Answer 5

Acculturation

Question 6

is an acculturation strategy in which the person adopts the new culture and rejects the old culture.

Answer 6

assimilation

Question 7

is an acculturation strategy in which the person retains the old culture and rejects the new culture.

Answer 7

separation

Question 8

is an acculturation strategy in which the person rejects both the new culture and the old culture.

Answer 8

marginalization

Question 9

is an acculturation strategy in which the person adopts both the new culture and the old culture.

Answer 9

integration

Question 10

stress associated with the process of managing old and new cultures. include lots of things that immigrants and other newcomers to cultural groups often experience: language difficulties; pressure to dress, speak, or behave in a certain way; harassment and discrimination; and lack of necessary skills or knowledge

Answer 10

Acculturative stress

Question 11

is a worldview that emphasizes the well-being of the individual over the well-being of the group while the other is a worldview that emphasizes the well-being of the group over the well-being of the individual.

Answer 11

Individualism vs collectivism

Question 12

is your ability to live and interact effectively in a multicultural society./ the ability to understand, appreciate and interact with people from cultures or belief systems different from one’s own

Answer 12

Cultural intelligence/Cultural competence

Question 13

everyday actions or comments that, often unintentionally, contain hostile or off-putting messages for members of certain cultures.

Answer 13

Microaggressions

Question 14

your biological maleness or femaleness

Answer 14

Sex

Question 15

your culture’s social, psychological, behavioral expectations related to maleness or femaleness.

Answer 15

Gender

Question 16

is a person’s pattern of romantic attraction to a particular group (or groups) of other people.

Answer 16

Sexual orientation

Question 17

a person whose gender and sex match

Answer 17

Cisgender

Question 18

is an unpleasant physical or psychological reaction to circumstances you perceive as challenging.

Answer 18

Stress

Question 19

an automatic emotional and physical reaction to a perceived threat that prepares you to either attack it or run away from it

Answer 19

Flight-or-flight response

Question 20

is any event or change in your life that causes you stress.

Answer 20

Stressor

Question 21

is determining how stressful an event is to you./is determining how capable you are of coping with the event.

Answer 21

primary appraisal/ secondary appraisal

Question 22

the psychological specialization that focuses on the relationship between mind and body.

Answer 22

Health Psychology

Question 23

a widely accepted understanding of the way bodies respond to ongoing stress, consisting of the three-step sequence of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

Answer 23

General Adaptation Syndrome

Question 24

help us to handle short-term stressors

Answer 24

Alarm, resistance

Question 25

the body’s alarm keeps sounding, but eventually the resistance wears off (like an army simply overwhelmed by never-ending waves of enemy attacks). which leaves you vulnerable to disease.

Answer 25

exhaustion stage

Question 26

any illness that stress can cause, worsen, or maintain

Answer 26

Psychophysiological Illnesses

Question 27

a personality featuring high levels of competitiveness, drive, impatience, and hostility. ( They are hurried and cutthroat in their attempts to attain their goals—not just when such qualities might be appropriate or necessary, but all the time.)

Answer 27

Type A personality

Question 28

a personality very much unlike Type A personality, in which the person is noncompetitive, easygoing, relaxed, and rarely angry

Answer 28

Type B personality

Question 29

is a personality featuring a low level of emotional expression, a high level of agreeableness with other people, and a tendency to feel helpless. (she holds her feelings in and goes along with whatever they want to do, but she is bothered by a sense that she doesn’t have as much control over her life as she would like.)

Answer 29

Type C personality

Question 30

is a personality featuring high levels of negative emotions, like depression and anxiety, and a reluctance to share those emotions with others.

Answer 30

Type D personalities

Question 31

a psychological disorder lasting at least a month characterized by feeling continuously on edge, avoiding reminders of the traumatic event, having difficulty sleeping and concentrating, and frequently recalling or reliving the event.

Answer 31

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Question 32

efforts to reduce or manage your experience of stress.

Answer 32

Coping

Question 33

is a style of coping with stress that emphasizes changing the stressor itself./is a style of coping with stress that emphasizes changing your emotional reaction to the stressor (rather than changing the stressor itself).

Answer 33

Problem-focused coping./emotion-focused coping

Question 34

behaviors that reflect resilience under stressful circumstances. Hardy people welcome stress. They see it as an opportunity for improvement and success rather than failure and pain.

Answer 34

Hardiness

Question 35

an attitude toward the future characterized by hope or expectation of a positive outcome. buffers us from stress

Answer 35

Optimism