Chapter 8

Question 1

is a desire that stimulates and steers behavior.

Answer 1

Motivation

Question 2

the desire to perform a behavior because the behavior itself is rewarding. ( involves doing something because it’s personally rewarding to you.)

Answer 2

intrinsic motivation

Question 3

the desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward

Answer 3

extrinsic motivation

Question 4

an object or situation outside yourself that you are motivated to acquire. ( a thing that motivates or encourages one to do something.)

Answer 4

incentive

Question 5

a theory of motivation stating that humans, like all other animals, are motivated primarily by instinct.

Answer 5

instinct theory

Question 6

is a theory of motivation stating that unmet biological drives cause unpleasant sensations that motivate you to meet those needs.

Answer 6

drive-reduction theory

Question 7

is a theory of motivation stating that you are motivated to obtain and maintain an optimal level of arousal. general excitement or attentiveness.

Answer 7

arousal theory

Question 8

is an explanation of motivation created by Abraham Maslow based on the idea that certain needs must be satisfied before others

Answer 8

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Question 9

is all aspects of feeling, including changes to the body, behavior, and consciousness.

Answer 9

Emotion

Question 10

( is a theory of emotion stating that you experience emotion by noticing bodily changes first and then interpreting them as particular feelings) the physical reaction simply can’t happen as quickly as the mental reaction because the human body doesn’t respond that quickly.

Answer 10

James-Lange theory

Question 11

is a theory of emotion stating that you experience emotion by simultaneously becoming aware of bodily changes and feelings. So, rather than the physical part of emotion hitting you first and the mental part hitting you next, they hit at the same time.

Answer 11

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 12

is a theory of emotion stating that the label you assign to your bodily reaction determines your mental reaction. (

Answer 12

Schachter-Singer theory

Question 13

is a theory of emotion stating that what you think about a stimulus causes the emotion

Answer 13

cognitive appraisal theory

Question 14

is a theory of emotion stating that your brain can influence your emotions by monitoring your facial expressions

Answer 14

Facial Feedback Theory

Question 15

a person’s ability to effectively manage and respond to an emotional experience.

Answer 15

Emotional regulation

Question 16

norms within a group about the acceptable verbal and nonverbal expression of emotion.

Answer 16

Display rules

Question 17

which correspond to distinct universal emotions: disgust, sadness, happiness,fear,anger, surprise

Answer 17

6 Basic facial expressions

Question 18

is a Cuban American counseling psychologist known for her pioneering intellectual contributions to feminist therapy, immigration, and women’s studies, and her advocacy on behalf of refugee women to help them to gain access to mental health services.

Answer 18

Olivia M Espín, Ph.D.