Chapter 14

Question 1

is a pattern of behavior that interferes with a person’s life by causing significant distress or dysfunction.

Answer 1

Psychological Disorder

Question 2

an experience common among medical students, and perhaps psychology students, in which they start to believe that they have the illnesses about which they are learning.

Answer 2

Medical student syndrome

Question 3

is the branch of psychology that studies unusual patterns of behavior, emotion, and thought, which could possibly be understood as a mental disorder.

Answer 3

Abnormality

Question 4

Infrequency

Answer 4

person’s trait, thinking or behavior is classified as abnormal if it is rare or statistically unusual.

Question 5

a definition of abnormality where a behaviour is seen as abnormal if it violates unwritten rules (social norms) about what is acceptable in a particular society.

Answer 5

deviation from social norms

Question 6

if the person is content with his/her life, then s/he is of no concern to the mental health field.

Answer 6

personal distress

Question 7

includes the extent to which a thought, feeling, or behavior interferes with day-to-day life—the amount it impairs work, school, and relationships.

Answer 7

impairment in daily functioning

Question 8

asserts that biological factors within the human body, such as brain structures, neurochemicals, and genes, are the primary causes of psychological disorders.

Answer 8

biological theory of abnormality

Question 9

asserts that psychological factors—including emotions, thoughts, behaviors, and traits—are the primary causes of psychological disorders.

Answer 9

psychological theory of abnormality

Question 10

asserts that social and cultural factors surrounding the person, rather than factors within the person, are the primary causes of psychological disorders

Answer 10

sociocultural theory of abnormality

Question 11

asserts that social and cultural factors surrounding the person, rather than factors within the person, are the primary causes of psychological disorders. Abnormality may show itself within an individual person, but the problem actually lies within the social or cultural context in which that person lives

Answer 11

biopsychosocial theory of abnormality

Question 12

is the book in which mental disorders are officially defined.

Answer 12

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5)

Question 13

involves anxiety symptoms that persist for a long time across a wide range of situations and activities

Answer 13

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 14

is a disorder characterized by unwanted, repetitive thoughts and uncontrollable actions done in response to those thoughts. OCD can make the simple tasks of daily life remarkably difficult.

Answer 14

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 15

a psychological disorder in which a person experiences at least 2 weeks of depressed mood and a loss of interest in most activities.

Answer 15

Major depressive disorder

Question 16

psychological disorder characterized by alternating between extremely high moods and extremely low moods

Answer 16

Bipolar disorder

Question 16

psychological disorder characterized by alternating between extremely high moods and extremely low moods

Answer 16

Bipolar disorder

Question 17

is an eating disorder based on a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a minimally normal body weight, based on the person’s height and age.

Answer 17

Anorexia nervosa eating disorder

Question 18

is an eating disorder in which an individual exhibits a pattern of overeating followed by drastic attempts to prevent weight gain

Answer 18

bulimia nervosa