Fiji (Viti)

Question 1

Fiji in the 19th century: Many competing chiefdom

Answer 1

1. Their word was chief
2. Mainly men
3. Ex. Chief Cakobau, 1850
   3.1 Identified by British as high chief of Fiji but not just one they met
   3.2 War chief and local people took cargo from broken American boat for themselves
   3.3 Pay debt given Fiji Islands but he didn’t have power to do that

Question 2

Fiji in the 19th century: Other

Answer 2

1. Condeferacies of clans
2. Patrilineal
3. Chiefs have title, but land owned by clans
   3.1 Name given to do certain things
4. Kava drinking
   4.1 Chiefly social structure, with “trade” focused patrilineal (Warriors, builders, fishers, etc)

Question 3

War and Cannibalism

Answer 3

1. Raided between villages (Frequent)
2. All villages fortified (Wooden fence or mountain to impede access)
3. Warrior class
   3.1 Warrior w/ brain smashing club (Recreated as Tusken Warrior club in Star Wars)
4. Slain cooked and eaten
   4.1 Couldn’t be warrior until kill another person
   4.2 Eat bit of slain enemy to show strength and ritualized things

Question 4

Modern Society

Answer 4

1. British commonwealth (Mainly for sugar wealth)
2. Rural and Urban
3. Clan membership
   3.1 Have to register and name listed in log book for being a member of the clan
   3.2 When money comes into clan want to get share (As well as land)
4. Fishing and gardening
   4.1 Pretty much make most of their own food in country
   4.2 Oil/butter only things bought
5. Pole/thatch houses and modern
   5.1 6 main dialects of Fijian
   5.2 English taught in schools

Question 5

iTaukei (Fijian) Society

Answer 5

1. (American) Methodist
2. Three confederacies, and a Great Counsel of Chiefs
3. Focus on traditional gift giving (reguregu) and events such as births, deaths, weddings

Question 6

ITaukei (Fijian) Society: Complex family relationships Video

Answer 6

1. Girls never talk or play to brothers since against custom
   1.1 Because patrilineal so cousins on dads lines actual brother and sister and actual blood sibling mothers so cousins
   1.2 Mothers brothers kids cousins too cause patrilineal of another line
2. Make friends with their cousin (girls)
3. Men go off to Suva

Question 7

ITaukei (Fijian) Society: Na I Vakananumi: Ni Turaga Na Tubi Nayau Video

Answer 7

1. Funeral dress in black
2. Assembling to give gifts

Question 8

Volcanic Island

Answer 8

1. Plate techtonics and underwater volcano made island
2. Deposits of limestone lifted off sea floor to make mountains
3. Caves that have fissured through limestone
4. Coastal planes have deposited alluvium

Question 9

Lapita in Fiji

Answer 9

1. 3200-2800 BP
2. Coasts and small islands
   2.1 Almost every island so probably went across quickly and in big numbers
3. Diet
   3.1 Marine (Big mollusks)
   3.2 Some horticulture (Find microfossils)
4. Material culture (Shell jewelry; Adzes)

Question 10

Sigatoka Sand Dunes

Answer 10

1. Lapita pottery on coastlines (Just take pictures because can’t collect it)

Question 11

Ceramic sequence

Answer 11

1. Lapita disappears ca. 2800 BP
2. Plain and paddle impressed
   2.1 Navatu phase, 2800-2000 BP (Globular)
3. Incised (Vonda and Ra phases, 1000 BP to contact