A Brief History Of Archaeology In The Pacific

Question 1

European Colonization Period (AD 1500-1600)

Answer 1

1. Voyages of Europeans seeking wealth and prospecting land to colonize
   1.1 Magellan 1521-1522 (Missed every island except Guam)
   1.2 Drake 1587-1580 (Missed every island but one)
   1.3 De Quiros 1605-1606 (Marquesas) (Scared of people because tattooed head to toe)
   1.4 (Abel) Tasman 1642-1643 (Hit quite a few islands and was able to make map of them

Question 2

Observations

Answer 2

1. “Terra Australis” (Trying to find where on map these islands are) (Where name of Australia came from) (Basic descriptions of what they saw from afar (Didn’t try to talk to people)) (Drawing of Māori from Tasman voyage 1642)
2. Canoes and boats
3. No ethnography (No talking to anyone)
4. No gold or silver (Mission to find it and if not go back home) (Not interesting in the people; Observations on cultures limited)

Question 3

English Voyage (AD 1770-1779)

Answer 3

1. Captain Cook
2. Captain Vancouver
3. Mission for both is look at ways of life of people on islands and of economic interest to Europeans (Data collection)
4. Lot of wars during this time (Economic instability; Poverty; Famine; Looking for things that could help Europe during this time (Looking for plants so had botanists on boats and took back samples (Really looking for breadfruit (Never grow in Ireland))))

Question 4

Observations Part 2

Answer 4

1. Letters and log books from island
2. Island “Nation” (Cook first to think similarities connected them all) (Language similarity (Collect words that all mean coconut)) (Common social structure) (Same island economies (How make their foods and things)) (Similar boats, tools)
3. Tattooed man of Nukuhiva Island, Marquesas Islands (Von Tilenau 1813) (Made to be informative and record what they actually saw) (Fairly accurate (Drawing because no photography) (Fairly detailed)

Question 5

The Traders and Whalers (AD 1800)

Answer 5

1. Time of colonization and expansion (Boats arriving from variety of nations) (Goods)
2. Philippines
3. SE Asia (Both above hub for goods) (Trying to set up harbors) (Find goods for economic benefits)
4. West Polynesia
5. East Polynesia (Whale oil (For lighting; At sea up to 2 years until all barrels full before coming back to Europe)) (Sea slugs (Reef species and ask local people to bring them; Trade goods (beads))) (Sandalwood (Bring log down; Made into chests; Take goods and go home))
6. Ports established and boats dock and get food, water, good times (Drinking and sex) (Spread disease, poverty, children, culture of exchange)