experimental chemistry Flashcards
Time:
1. What it measures
2. SI unit
3. Symbol
4. Other common units
- how long it takes for something to happen
- second
- s
- hour (h), minute (min)
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length:
1. What it measures
2. SI unit
3. Symbol
4. Other common units
- the distance between 2 points
- metre
- m
- centimetre (cm), decimetre (dm)
temperature:
1. What it measures
2. SI unit
3. Symbol
4. Other common units
- how hot or cold something is
- Kelvin
- K
- degree Celsius
mass
1. What it measures
2. SI unit
3. Symbol
4. Other common units
- how mach matter is present in a substance
- kilogram
- kg
- gram (g), tonne (t)
volume:
1. What it measures
2. SI unit
3. Symbol
4. Other common units
- the amt of space something occupies
- cubic metre
- m³
- cubic centimetre (cm³), cubic decimetre (dm³)
Accuracy of digital stopwatch VS accuracy of analogue stopwatch?
± 0.01s VS ±0.1s
How to measure temperature in K if given temperature in degree celsius?
degree celsius temp + 273 = temp in K
give me measurement for
1kg = g = mg
1t = kg = g
1kt = t = kg
1 kg = 1000 g = 1 000 000 mg
1 t = 1000 kg = 1 000 000 g
1kt = 1000 t = 1 000 000kg
give me measurement for
1m=dm=cm=mm
1m = 10dm = 100cm = 1000mm
give me measurement for
1 m³ = dm³ = cm³
1 m³ = 1000 dm³ = 1 000 000 cm³
what are the 4 apparatus to measure volume?
- pipette
- volumetric flask
- measuring cylinder
- burette
accuracy of pipette
accuracy of volumetric flask
- measuring accurate fixed volume (10.0cm³ or 25.0cm³)
- measures larger accurate fixed volumes (100cm³ or 250cm³)
gas properties for:
1. displacement of water
2. upward delivery
3. downward delivery
- insoluble/sparingly soluble in H₂O (h₂ , O₂ , CO₂)
- gases less dense than air (Mr less than 29)
- gases denser than air (Mr greater than 29)
how to avoid parallax error?
when reading volume of liquid, we should at the meniscus (curve that is formed at the surface of the L in a container)
accuracy of measuring cylinder
accuracy of burette
- measures and range of volumes to the nearest 0.5cm³ (31.5cm³ or 10.5cm³)
- measures a range of volumes to the nearest 0.05cm³ (19.55cm³ or 27.00cm³)
typical gas syringes can measure up too…
100cm³
what are the 3 gas collection and 3 drying gases methods?
- displacement of water
- upward delivery
- downward delivery
- concentrated sulfuric acid
- quicklime (CaO)
- fused calcium chloride (CaCl2)
give me the examples and things to note for:
- concentrated sulfuric acid
- quicklime (CaO)
- fused calcium chloride (CaCl2)
- E: most gases including Cl₂ and HCl (used to dry acidic gases)
N: not suitable for gases that react with H₂SO4 - E: ammonia (alkaline gases)
N: CaO absorbs moisture and CO₂ from the air so it must be freshly heated before use! Cannot work for gases that react with CaO - E: Most gases except NH3
N: must be freshly heated and doesnt work for gases that react with CaCl₂
