Emma1 Flashcards
haematopoiesis
commitment and differentiation processes that lead to the formation of all blood cells from haematopoietic stem cells
function of red blood cells
carry O2 and CO2
function of plasma
carry nutrients
carry messages
carry waste
function platelets and clotting factors
prevention of leaks
function of anticoagulants
prevention of blockages
function of fibrinolytics
prevention of blockages
function of granulocytes and monocytes
phagocytosis and killing
function of lymphocytes
- antigen recognition
- antibody formation
polycythaemia
disease state in which the hematocrit is elevated.
haematocrit
volume percentage of red blood cells in the blood
haematinics
vitamins and minerals required for normal erythropoiesis
erythropoiesis
process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes), which is the development from erythropoietic stem cell to mature red blood cell.
whats an erythrocyte
red blood cell
where are platelets produced
liver
what are romiplostim and eltrombopag
platelet making agonists that can be used therapeutically
thrombocytosis
disorder in which body produces too many platelets
thrombocytopenia
condition in which you have a low platelet count
causes of thrombocytopenia
marrow failure
immune destruction
medications that can cause altered function of platelets
aspirin
clopidogrel
abciximab
neutrophil function
to ingest and destroy pathogens
neutrophil speed of response
1-2 hours
neutrophilia
increase in circulating neutrophil count
neutropenia
decrease in circulating neutrophil count
causes of neutropenia
drugs
marrow failure
sepsis
autoimmune
opsonisation
molecular mechanism whereby molecules, microbes, or apoptotic cells are chemically modified to have a stronger attraction to the cell surface receptors on phagocytes and NK cells
where are T cells produced and matured
produced - bone marrow
matured - thymus
where are B cells produced and matured
bone marrow
causes of lymphocytosis
infectious mononucleosis
pertussis (whooping cough)
another name for pertussis?
whooping cough
causes of lymphopenia
usually post-viral
lymphoma
function of type 1 human leucocyte factor (HLA)
displays internal antigens on all nucleated cells
function of type 2 human leucocyte factors (HLA)
displays antigens eaten by professional antigen presenting cells
paraprotein
protein found in the blood only as a result of cancer or disease
