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Haematology > 9 > Flashcards

9 Flashcards

1
Q

what can FFP can group B have

A

B or AB

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2
Q

presentation chronic myeloid leukaemia

A
  • anaemia
  • splenomegaly
  • weight loss
  • hyperleukostasis
  • gout
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3
Q

what can anti-D cause when RhD negative person exposed to RhD positive person

A
  • transfusion reactions

- haemolytic disease of newborn

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4
Q

universal recipient

A

AB

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5
Q

universal donor

A

O

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6
Q

effects of paraprotein

A
  • renal failure
  • hyperviscosity
  • bleeding (retinal/ oral/ nasal/ cutaneous)
  • hypogammaglobinaemia
  • tendency to infection
  • amyloidosis
  • nephrotic syndrome
  • cardiac failure
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7
Q

presentation hereditary spherocytosis

A

anaemia
jaundice
splenomegaly
pigment gallstones

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8
Q

DVT risk factors

A
  • high BMI
  • family history
  • hypertension
  • COCP
  • female
  • long period of stasis
  • pregnancy
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9
Q

what do white clots result in

A
  • ischaemia

- infarction

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10
Q

presentation pernicious anaemia

A
  • fatigue
  • malaise
  • weakness
  • easy bruising
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11
Q

what is pernicious anaemia

A

It’s caused by an inability to absorb the vitamin B-12 needed for your body to make enough healthy red blood cells

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12
Q

management B12 deficiency

A

IM injections every 3 months

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13
Q

presentation B12/ folate deficiency

A

anaemia

neuro symptoms

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14
Q

how do type 4 delayed hypersensitivity reactions work

A

initiated when tissue macrophages recognise danger and initiate inflammatory response

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15
Q

examples type 4 hypersensitivity reactions

A
  • coeliac
  • contact dermatitis
  • RA
  • MS
  • type 1 DM
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16
Q

examples type III hypersensitivity reaction

A
  • farmers lung
  • SLE
  • glomerulonephritis
17
Q

what areas have highest prevalence haemoglobinopathies

A

areas where malaria is endemic

e.g. west africa

18
Q

severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

A

present from birth, lymphocytes are not non-existent or not working properly

19
Q

polymorphism

A

A variation in the DNA that is too common to be due merely to new mutation. A polymorphism must have a frequency of at least 1% in the population. Examples of polymorphisms include the genes for sickle cell disease, thalassemia and G6PD deficiency.

20
Q

define significant risk neutropenia

A

<0.5 x 10^9

21
Q

normal neutrophil range

A

1.5-8 x 10^9

22
Q

what kind of infection causes raised monocytes

A

fungal

Haematology (18 decks)

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