12

Question 1

chronic myeloid leukaemia blood film presentation

Answer 1

looks like bone marrow has moved into blood

WBCs at all stages of differentiation present in the blood

Question 2

define high risk neutropenia

Answer 2

<0.2x10^9

Question 3

what happens in type 3 hypersensitivity

Answer 3

occurs when there is an excess of antigen, leading to small immune complexes being formed that fix complement and are not cleared from the circulation

Question 4

describe type 2 hypersensitivity

Answer 4

antibody mediated process in which IgG and IgM antibodies are directed against antigens on cells

Question 5

when is IgE produced in a hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 5

B cells produce it when costimulate with Il-4

Question 6

types of type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer 6

• anaphylaxis
• atopy
• urticaria
• angioedema
• rhinitis
• eczema
• dermatitis

Question 7

presentation polycythaemia vera

Answer 7

headaches
itch
vascular occlusion
thrombosis
TIA/ stroke
splenomegaly

Question 8

describe haemorrhagic disease of newborn

Answer 8

bleeding disorder of newborn occurring due to vit K deficiency

Question 9

what happens in acute myeloid leukaemia

Answer 9

myeloid cells do not differentiate
bone marrow failure
rapidly fatal if untreated

Question 10

indication for platelet transfusion

Answer 10

• thrombocytopenia
• massive haemorrhage
• bone marrow failure
• prophylaxis for surgery
• cardiopulmonary bypass

Question 11

how long to transfuse platelets over

Answer 11

20-30 mins

Question 12

what is meant by CMV negative blood

Answer 12

their blood has never been exposed to cytomegalovirus

Question 13

hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 13

red blood cells are spheres rather than biconcave

Question 14

management hypofibroginaemia

Answer 14

cryoprecipitate

Question 15

presentation haemolytic disease of newborn

Answer 15

• SOB
• jaundice
• resp failure
• heart failure
• oedema
• anaemia

Question 16

hydrops

Answer 16

condition that occurs when large amounts of fluid build up in a baby’s tissues and organs causing extreme swelling

Question 17

function of immunofixation

Answer 17

identifies what class of paraprotein is present

Question 18

describe chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Answer 18

WBC cancer progresses over the years
>60
abnormal cells are mature
they resemble normal normal well behaved lymphocytes
grow slowly

Question 19

standard management ALL

Answer 19

• radio
• chemo
• methotrexate (CNS directed)
• steroids
• stem cell transplant
• blinatumumab

Question 20

describe chronic organ tranplant rejeciton

Answer 20

months/ year

may be caused by recurrence of pre-existing autoimmune disease

Question 21

when would you give a patient CMV negative stuff

Answer 21

pregnant
immunocompromised
neonates

Question 22

macrocytic anaemia

Answer 22

large baggy cells

B12/ folate deficiency