elm 9.1 Flashcards
psychotic episodes are frequently preceded by what is called a ____ phase
prodromal
what are negative symptoms in schizophrenia?
person with shiz lack but normal person has it
what are positive symptoms in schizophrenia
symptoms that person with schiz has but normal person doesn’t
schizoaffective disorder
meets criteria for schizophrenia and also major mood episode
dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia, what is it?
altered dopaminergic activity in certain brain areas play a role in schizophrenia
reserpine ____ dopamine and shows ______ in positive symptoms
depletes
improvements
amphetamine ____ dopamine and causes ___
releases
psychosis
what are the 4 main pathways for dopamine?
mesocortical
nigrostriatal
tubero-infundibular
mesolimbic
mesolimbic pathway is important in ____ symptoms
positive
mesocortical pathway is important in ____ symptomes
negative
HT/pituitary pathway is important in ____
side effects
nigrostriatal is important in ___
parkinsons
side effects
antipsychotics are nominally dopamine ___ antagonists
D2
antipsychotics can also cause _______ dysfunction
pancreatic beta cell
what other receptors might be involved in psychosis?
NMDA receptor dynsfunction
serotonin receptors
muscarinic receptors
The newest theories about the pathophysiology of schizophrenia hold that the positive symptoms may be due to
a. Excess dopamine release in the mesolimbic pathway. b. Excess dopamine release in the associative striatum c. Reduced dopaminergic activity in the mesocortical pathway d. Reduced dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic pathway
b
The newest theories about the pathophysiology of schizophrenia hold that the cognitive symptoms may be due to
a. Excess dopamine release in the associative striatum b. Reduced dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic pathway c. Reduced dopaminergic activity in the mesocortical pathway d. Excess dopamine release in the mesolimbic pathway
c
The sedative actions of antipsychotic drugs are primarily due to actions at:
a. GABAA receptors b. Histamine H1 receptors c. Muscarinic receptors d. Serotonin receptors
b
