elm 2.1 Flashcards
amino acids have _____ excitation and ____ inhibition
long
local
NMDA receptors are always
heteromers
what are some examples of monoamines?
noradrenaline
dopamine
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)
histamine
monoamines have a ____ role over multiple brain pathways and circuits
modulatory
what are good sites for drug therapy?
monoamines
what is involved in sleep, appetite, thermoregulation, pain + mood?
serotonin
serotonin is derived from ____
dietary tryptophan
the synthesis and breakdown of serotonin has similarities to the ____
catecholamines
major serotonergic pathways arise in the _____
raphe nuclei
5HT receptors all utilize ______ modification, except 5HT__, which opens a ________
g-protein
3
ligand gated cation channel
5HT receptors have significant ______ actions
peripheral autonomic
5HT receptors can be found _________ synaptic locations
pre
and post
noradrenaline in the CNS and the PNS - is it the same ?
synthesis, storage, and release are the same
receptors are the same
targetting CNS transmission is likley to also affect periphery
what kind of brain disorders is dopamine involved in?
parkinson’s
schizophrenia
ADHD
drug/substance abuse
endocrine disorders
dopamine is ___ widely distributed than NA
less
dopamine has a ____ release
synaptic
dopamine cells lack dopamine _____
beta hydroxylase
dopamine is another example of a diffuse _______ transmitter
modulatory
Gs does what to cAMP?
upregulates
Gi does what to cAMP?
downregulates
Chains of swellings along an axon, that form synapses across multiple fibres, are termed:
a. spines b. varicosities c. synaptic boutons d. triads
b
Which of the following subtypes of adrenergic receptor is NOT found in the CNS?
a. α1D b. α2C c. β2 d. β3
d
only in the periphery
Which of the following enzymes is not involved in the metabolism or synthesis of serotonin?
a. COMT b. DOPA decarboxylase c. Monoamine oxidase d. Tryptophan hydroxylase 2
a
Yohimbine is an antagonist of
a. α1 adrenoceptors b. α2 adrenoceptors c. 5HT1 receptors d. 5HT2 receptors
b
