elm 2.1

Question 1

amino acids have _____ excitation and ____ inhibition

Answer 1

long
local

Question 2

NMDA receptors are always

Answer 2

heteromers

Question 3

what are some examples of monoamines?

Answer 3

noradrenaline
dopamine
5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)
histamine

Question 4

monoamines have a ____ role over multiple brain pathways and circuits

Answer 4

modulatory

Question 5

what are good sites for drug therapy?

Answer 5

monoamines

Question 6

what is involved in sleep, appetite, thermoregulation, pain + mood?

Answer 6

serotonin

Question 7

serotonin is derived from ____

Answer 7

dietary tryptophan

Question 8

the synthesis and breakdown of serotonin has similarities to the ____

Answer 8

catecholamines

Question 9

major serotonergic pathways arise in the _____

Answer 9

raphe nuclei

Question 10

5HT receptors all utilize ______ modification, except 5HT__, which opens a ________

Answer 10

g-protein
3
ligand gated cation channel

Question 11

5HT receptors have significant ______ actions

Answer 11

peripheral autonomic

Question 12

5HT receptors can be found _________ synaptic locations

Answer 12

pre
and post

Question 13

noradrenaline in the CNS and the PNS - is it the same ?

Answer 13

synthesis, storage, and release are the same
receptors are the same
targetting CNS transmission is likley to also affect periphery

Question 14

what kind of brain disorders is dopamine involved in?

Answer 14

parkinson’s
schizophrenia
ADHD
drug/substance abuse
endocrine disorders

Question 15

dopamine is ___ widely distributed than NA

Answer 15

less

Question 16

dopamine has a ____ release

Answer 16

synaptic

Question 17

dopamine cells lack dopamine _____

Answer 17

beta hydroxylase

Question 18

dopamine is another example of a diffuse _______ transmitter

Answer 18

modulatory

Question 19

Gs does what to cAMP?

Answer 19

upregulates

Question 20

Gi does what to cAMP?

Answer 20

downregulates

Question 21

Chains of swellings along an axon, that form synapses across multiple fibres, are termed:

a.	 spines

b.	 varicosities

c.	 synaptic boutons

d.	 triads

Answer 21

b

Question 22

Which of the following subtypes of adrenergic receptor is NOT found in the CNS?

a.	 α1D

b.	 α2C

c.	 β2

d.	 β3

Answer 22

d
only in the periphery

Question 23

Which of the following enzymes is not involved in the metabolism or synthesis of serotonin?

a.	 COMT

b.	 DOPA decarboxylase

c.	 Monoamine oxidase

d.	 Tryptophan hydroxylase 2

Answer 23

a

Question 24

Yohimbine is an antagonist of

a.	 α1 adrenoceptors

b.	 α2 adrenoceptors

c.	 5HT1 receptors

d.	 5HT2 receptors

Answer 24

b

Question 25

Which of the following is a transporter for 5HT?

a.	 DAT

b.	 EAAT

c.	 NET

d.	 SERT

Answer 25

d

Question 26

Where is MAO located?

a.	 Cytoplasm

b.	 Cell membrane

c.	 Outer mitochondrial membrane

d.	 Synapse

Answer 26

c