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DATB > elm 5.2 > Flashcards

elm 5.2 Flashcards

1
Q

NSAID stands for

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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2
Q

prostaglandin E2 does what

A

sensitization of nociceptors and many other functions

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3
Q

COX-1 are ______ expressed

A

constitutively

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4
Q

COX-2 are induced in ______ cells

A

damaged / infected

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5
Q

COX-3 is a _____ variant of COX-1

A

splice

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6
Q

beneficial NSAID activity = COX __

A

2

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7
Q

side effects = COX __

A

1

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8
Q

NSAIDs have actions similar to _____

A

aspirin

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9
Q

the 3 main therapeutic roles of NSAID’s are what

A

antipyretic
analgesic
anti-inflammatory

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10
Q

what does antipyretic mean

A

lowering body temp

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11
Q

what does analgesic mean

A

reduce pain

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12
Q

pyresis, aka ____

A

fever

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13
Q

what is the difference between fever and hyperthermia?

A

fever - you feel cold, thermostat is increased

hyperthermia - you feel hot
heat production > loss
thermostat is not increased

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14
Q

as an anti-pyretic action, thermostat is raised by _____ and ___ and your core temp is ____

A

interleukins
PGs
raised

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15
Q

as an anti-pyretic action, aspirin inhibits _____ enzymes and there is _____ PG production. you sweat and vasodilate to ___ heat

A

COX
decreased
lose

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16
Q

NSAIDs have both a lasting ____ and an ____ effect, which makes them particularly useful for the treatment of continuous or regular pain

A

analgesic
anti inflammatory

17
Q

celecoxib is selective for what

A

COX-2

17
Q

cox inhibition also confers _____ action

A

anti-pyretic

18
Q

most NSAIDs inhibit both ___ and ___

A

COX1 and 2

19
Q

for anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activity, COX__ is inhibited

A

2

20
Q

for GI issues, etc.. COX__ is inhibited

A

1

21
Q

ibuprofen is reversible / irreversible and non-competitive / competitive
it is also weakly COX___ selective

A

reversible
non-competitive
1

22
Q

what are some common side effects of using aspirin

A

inhibits platelet aggregation, prolongs clotting time
GI upsets
skin reactions
renal damage

23
Q

what are some uncommon side effects of aspirin?

A

aspirin and reyes syndrome
salicylism - symptoms of 8th cranial nerve damage, tinnitus, vertigo
cardiovascular effects - including MI/stroke

24
Q

paracetemol potentially only has ____ action, and it is an _____ analgesic, and not _______

A

central
antipyretic
anti inflammatoryu

25
Q

if paracetemol is taken at high doses, what can it be?

A

hepatotoxic

in overdose, it is metabolized to a toxic metabolite - which causes liver necrosis

26
Q

antipyretic analgesics are used to
- treat ____ pain
- although there are many different chemical groups, all of them inhibit ____ enzymes
- the inhibition of COX is ______
- they are useful _______ agents

A

mild
COX
antipyretic
anti inflammatory

27
Q

what are the forms of neuropathic pain?

A

ongoing
allodynia (non paintful stimulus produces pain)
hyperalgesia (pain sensations are heightened)

28
Q

neuropathic pain is generally managed with ______ antidepressant or anti-______

A

tricyclic
epileptics

29
Q

______ cream is licensed for the symptomatic relief of posterpetic neuralgia

A

capsaicin

30
Q

_____ can be used for local pain (neuropathic)

A

lidocaine

31
Q

cone snails with venom have a series of toxins that selectively target ____ receptors, voltage gated sodium channels, ___ channels, and possibly ___ channels

A

NAch receptors
calcium
potassium

32
Q

Which of the following isoforms of cyclooxygenase is constitutively expressed in human cells?

a.	 COX-1

b.	 COX-2

c.	 COX-3
A

a

33
Q

Which of the following mediators increases body temperature during a fever?

a.	 PGD2

b.	 PGE2

c.	 PGI2

d.	 PGF2
A

b

34
Q

Which brain region plays a key role in temperature regulation in mammals?

a.	 Amygdala

b.	 Anterior pituitary

c.	 Hypothalamus

d.	 Thalamus
A

c

35
Q

Mr Brown (age 72) has been taking aspirin for several years because he is at high risk of thrombosis. Which of the following side effects would be LEAST likely to be seen in this patient?

a.	 Bronchospasm

b.	 GI tract upsets

c.	 Renal damage

d.	 Reye's syndrome
A

d

36
Q

Which enzymes are responsible for the conversion of PGH2 to other biologically active prostaglandins?

a.	 Cyclooxygenases

b.	 Dehydrogenases

c.	 Isomerases

d.	 5-Lipoxygenase
A

c

37
Q

Which of the following is a first-line treatment for neuropathic pain?

a.	 Amitriptyline

b.	 Codeine

c.	 Ibuprofen

d.	 Paracetamol
A

a

38
Q

What is the chemical nature of Prialt?

a.	 Eicosanoid

b.	 Monoamine

c.	 Opioid

d.	 Peptide
A

d

DATB (24 decks)

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