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DATB > elm 4.1 > Flashcards

elm 4.1 Flashcards

1
Q

amfetamine is a ___ stimulant

A

psychomotor

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2
Q

what effect do psychomotor stimulants have?

A

induce euphora, reduced sense of fatigue
increased motor output

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3
Q

psychomotor stimulants act on ____ pathways and other similar paths

A

central modulatory catecholaminergic

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4
Q

amfetamine and related compounds have a _____ structure with a proximal ___ group

A

small ring
amine

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5
Q

what are the three pathways of the dopaminergic system?

A

nigrostriatal
mesolimbic
mesocortical

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6
Q

the nigrostriatal pathway of the dopaminergic system has to do with what

A

motor

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7
Q

the mesolimbic pathway of the dopaminergic system has to do with what

A

reward and addiction

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8
Q

the mesocortical pathway of the dopaminergic system has to do with what

A

cognitive

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9
Q

With amfetamine, there is an increased availability of _______ and ______.

A

noradrenaline
dopamine

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10
Q

amfetamine and methamfetamine are ____ for the catecolamine update system

A

substrates

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11
Q

amfetamine and methamfetamine slow down transport (uptake) of _______, increasing the concerntration in the synapse

A

noradrenaline and dopamine

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12
Q

amfetamine and methamfetamine also increase ________ concentration within the _____ terminal by actions on internal transporters

A

noradrenaline
presynaptic

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13
Q

what do MAOs do?

A

break down dopamine

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14
Q

amfetamine (at higher concs) is also a ____ inhibitor, further ____ cytosolic noradrenaline/dopamine

A

MAO
increasing

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15
Q

increased internal concenrtation of amfetamine transmitter _______ the remaining action of NET and DAT, ____ more transmitter into the synaptic cleft

A

reverses
pushing

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16
Q

what are some behavioural effects of psychomotor stimulants

A

locomotor stimulation
euphoria / excitement
insomnia

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17
Q

amfetamine can be used to treat what disorder?

A

narcolepsy or ADHD too

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18
Q

what is a newer drug being used to treat ADHD?

A

atomexetine

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19
Q

what is atomoxetine

A

selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor

20
Q

what is amfetamine psychosis?

A

like acute schizophrenia - hallucinations, paranoid symptoms, aggressive behaviour

21
Q

‘punding’?

A

repetitive stereotypical behaviours - self-biting, scratching, etc..

22
Q

cocaine acts similarly to ____

A

amfetamine

23
Q

psychomotor stimulants act by increasing available ______, _____, and/or ___

A

noradrenaline, dopamine, 5HT

24
Q

psychomotor stimulants possess ___ and ____ actions

A

central
peripheral

25
Q

caffeine is a mild ____ stimulant

A

CNS

26
Q

caffeine inhibits central _____ receptors.

A

adenosine

27
Q

adenosine and ATP are _____ acting to fine-turn the actions of many other neurotransmitter systems, generally resulting in _______ CNS activity

A

modulatory
decreased

28
Q

adenosine and ATP also _____ phosphodiesterase enzyme, which increases local _____, much like beta receptor agonsts

A

inhibit
cAMP

29
Q

psychotomimetics affect ___ and ___

A

perception
mood

30
Q

what are some somatic effects of LSD, mescaline, and psylocibin

A

dizziness, weakness, tremors, drowsiness

31
Q

what are some perceptual effects of LSD, mescaline, and psylocibin

A

altered shapes and colours, difficulty in focusing on objects, sharpened sense of hearing, etc..

32
Q

what are some psychic effects of LSD, mescaline, and psylocibin

A

alterations in mood, tension, distorted sense of time, difficulty in expressing thoughts

33
Q

activation of ____ receptors may indirectly block glutamate activation of NMDA receptors

A

5HT2A

34
Q

ecstacy makes changes in ____ by an action on the ____ transporter

A

5HT

35
Q

at higher doses, ecstasy causes release of _______

A

dopamine

36
Q

there can be sudden illness or death with ecstasy usage as a result of what?

A

acute hyperthermia
excess water intake
heart failure

37
Q

ketamine and phencyclidine block ____ receptors

A

NMDA

38
Q

what are some long term side effects of ketamine and phencyclidine

A

paradoxical bladder defects

39
Q

Modafinil is used to treat narcolepsy. What is its main mechanism of action?

a.	 Inhibition of NET

b.	 Inhibition of SERT

c.	 Release of noradrenaline and dopamine

d.	 Unknown, but possibly via DAT inhibition
A

d

40
Q

Which of the following drugs is a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor?

a.	 Atomoxetine

b.	 Cocaine

c.	 Dexamfetamine

d.	 Methylphenidate
A

a

41
Q

Which of the following drugs is an antagonist of adenosine receptors?

a.	 Caffeine

b.	 Cocaine

c.	 Methylphenidate

d.	 Modafinil
A

a

42
Q

Which of the following drugs is most likely to produce schizophrenia -like symptoms if taken repeatedly over a short period?

a.	 Amfetamine

b.	 Caffeine

c.	 Cannabis

d.	 Modafinil
A

a

43
Q

Which subtype of 5HT receptor is thought to be responsible for the psychotomimetic effects of LSD?

a.	 5HT1A

b.	 5HT2A

c.	 5HT3

d.	 5HT4
A

b

44
Q

Which of the following drugs acts by blocking the channel of the NMDA receptor?

a.	 Mescaline

b.	 Muscimol

c.	 PCP

d.	 Psilocybin
A

c

45
Q

Which of the following drugs is a synthetic derivative of a fungal compound?

a.	 LSD

b.	 Mescaline

c.	 Phalloidin

d.	 Psilocybin
A

a

DATB (24 decks)

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