Diseases of Lymphatic + Immune Systems Flashcards
graft rejection
- rejection of transplanted organ
- occurs because recipients body IDs MHC on surface of graft as a foreign pathogen (unless donated by identical twin
- prevented via immunosuppressant drugs
major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
- glycoprotein receptors located on all cells of body
- enable immune system to ID body cells (as opposed to foreign matter)
autoimmune diseases
when antibodies and t-cells attack body’s own tissues
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
- t-cells attack synovial lining in joints, produce interleukins
- interleukins cause inflammation in joints throughout body
multiple sclerosis
- antibodies attack/prevent myelin sheath formation around nerve cells
- causes muscle weakness
allergies
- antibodies produced against allergens
- generally happen in ppl with genetic predisposition
allergens
mild antigens common in environment
anaphylaxis
- excessive immune response to an allergen
- b-cells overproduce antibodies –> increases capillary permeability causing symptoms throughout body within minutes
hives
raised red bumps from swelling due to anaphylaxis
anaphylactic shock
- severe anaphylaxis
- capillaries become so dilated that bp drops drastically, heart/breathing can cease –> death
epinephrine autoinjector
- aka EpiPen
- injected into thigh –> releases epinephrine –> offsets anaphylaxis
lymph edema
- difficulty with lymph drainage leads to accumulation of interstitial fluid in limb
- causes extreme swelling/distension which cna become permanent/infected if not treated
tonsillitis
- inflammation of tonsils from viral or bacterial infection
- tonsils become infected and appear white
symptoms of anaphylaxis
- swelling (hives)
- narrowed respiratory pathway (difficulty breathing)
