Direct Effects Of The Media

Question 1

What is the hypodermic syringe model/magic bullet theory (Packard)?

Answer 1

• audience passively accepts messages injected by the media
• direct effects don’t acknowledge differences between members of audiences (homogenous)
• media like a bullet that penetrates audience
• audiences don’t engage with media they simply accept

Question 2

What is a media example for hypodermic syringe model?

Answer 2

• Murder of James bulger inspired by “child’s play” movie

Question 3

What did Newson say?

Answer 3

• children’s exposure to media violence has a desensitising effect and makes them more likely to commit acts of violence in reality

Question 4

What is a media example for Newson?

Answer 4

• Grand theft auto crime spree- seek adrenaline in real life as they’re desensitised to it in games

Question 5

What did Bandura say?

Answer 5

• Bobo doll experiment
• showed 3 groups of children real, film and cartoon examples of Bobo dolls being beaten with a mallet
• children taken to room with toys and told they’re not for them, then taken to room with Bobo doll and mallet
• children who saw violence imitated while children who didn’t see violence did not beat doll

Question 6

What is a media example for Bandura?

Answer 6

• murder of James bulger inspired by movie “child’s play”

Question 7

What did Anderson et al say?

Answer 7

• direct effect of music on an audience
• violent song lyrics on attitudes and emotions of 500 students
• listened to violent, non violent and numerous lyrics
• increased aggressive thoughts and feelings of hostility

Question 8

What is a media example of Anderson et al?

Answer 8

• shoot em up by cypress Hill - “shoot em up, just shoot em up y’all, yeah”

Question 9

What did Fesbach and Sanger say?

Answer 9

• screen violence can provide a safe outlet for aggressive tendencies
• catharsis
• watching an exciting film releases aggressive energy

Question 10

What is a media example for Fesbach and Sanger?

Answer 10

• Deadpool movie- violence, thriller

Question 11

What did Young say?

Answer 11

• critiques Newson
• seeing effects of violence makes us more aware of its consequences so has a sensitising effect

Question 12

What is a media example for Young?

Answer 12

• 24 hours in police custody