Diptera - cyclorrhapha - Oestridae, muscidae, hippoboscidae

Question 1

Bot flies

Answer 1

Oestridae

Question 2

Flies

Answer 2

Muscidae

Question 3

Louse flies

Answer 3

Hippoboscidae

Question 4

Blowflies

Answer 4

Calliphoridae

Question 5

Features of oestridae

Answer 5

large vestigial mouth parts - can’t feed lay eggs or viviparous (live young) Parasitic larvae 3 larval stages pupate on ground

Question 6

Horse bots scientific name 3 species

Answer 6

Gasterophilus -intestinalis (common) -nasalis (throat) -haemorrhoidalis (nose - rare)

Question 7

Features of Gasterophilus intestinalis

Answer 7

yellow egg anywhere on front of body hatch when licked

Question 8

Features of Gasterophilus nasalis

Answer 8

pale eggs laid between mandibles hatch spontaneously

Question 9

features of Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis

Answer 9

black eggs laid around lips hatch spontaneously

Question 10

Gasterophilus intestinalis instars

Answer 10

1st - migrate through mouth and gums 2nd - attach in stomach 3rd - in stomach

Question 11

Features of Gasterophilus intestinalis larvae

Answer 11

red, in stomach, 2 rows of spines

Question 12

Features of Gasterophilus nasalis larvae

Answer 12

yellow, occur in duodenum, 1 row of spines

Question 13

lifecycle in horse

Answer 13

9-12 months passed in faeces pupate in soil

Question 14

Treatment of Gasterophilus

Answer 14

organophosphates (dichlorvos, trichlorphon) macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin, moxidectin)

Question 15

Control of Gasterophilus

Answer 15

treat in winter when flies are absent washing/grooming of little value

Question 16

What larvae is this?

Answer 16

Gasterphilus intestinalis

Question 17

Nasal bot of sheep and goats

Answer 17

Oestrus ovis

Question 18

Features of Oestrus ovis

Answer 18

viviparous (live young)

lay eggs on external nares

larvae crawls into nasal cavity

3rd instar sneezed out

active in summer

Question 19

Oestrus ovis effects on sheep

Answer 19

annoy sheep when laying eggs

chronic nasal discharge

predisposes to pneumonia

Question 20

Treatment of Oestrus ovis

Answer 20

organophosphates

macrocyclic lactones

trematocides (rafoxanide, closantel)

Question 21

What is this fly?

Answer 21

Hypoderma bovis (warble fly of cattle)

Question 22

Warble flies

Answer 22

Hypoderma bovis - Nprthern cattle grub

Hypoderma lineatum - common cattle grub

Not presant in Australia

Question 24

Lifecycle of hypoderma

Answer 24

Question 25

Warble fly of deer and its effects?

Answer 25

Hypoderma diana snow deer

Question 26

Other bots

Answer 26

Question 27

housefly

Answer 27

musca domestica

Question 28

bush fly

Answer 28

Musca vetustissima

Question 29

Muscidae subfamily Stomoxinae

Answer 29

Stomoxys calcitrans - stable fly Haematobia exigua - buffalo fly

Question 30

House fly significance

Answer 30

musca domestica involved in mechanical transmission of pathogens intermediate hosts of nematodes and cestodes can cause nasal scald and fly dermatitis

Question 31

The bush fly significance

Answer 31

musca vetustissima overwinter in northen Australia cause similar problem to M. domestica

Question 32

The Stable fly

Answer 32

Stomoxys calcitrans - breed in decaying organic matter

Question 33

stomoxys calcitrans effect on host

Answer 33

both sexes feed on blood bite anything

Question 34

The buffalo fly

Answer 34

Haematobia exigua introduced from south africa feed on cattle, buffalo, horses and dogs

Question 35

Haematobia exigua lifecycle features

Answer 35

flies remain on host (die if away for 1-2 days) leave host to lay eggs breed in cow dung emerging flies only have 1-2h to find host need blood meal to breed adults live 10-20 days need \>20 degees lifecycle take 7-11 days

Question 36

Spread of haematobia exigua

Answer 36

spread on cattle blow up to 7km in wind limited distribution due to temp and humidity

Question 37

Haematobia exigua effects on host

Answer 37

painful bite cattle rub to relieve irritation 2000-3000=heavy infection loss of condition or delayed fattening decreased milk production Vector of Trypanosoma evansi and Stephanofilaria sp.

Question 38

Control of haematobia exigua

Answer 38

fly traps (funnel trap) ear tags impregnated with insecticides insecticides (ivermectin) which persist in dung dung beetles \*integrate control (reduce reliance on chemicals)

Question 39

What is this?

Answer 39

Melophagus ovinus - the sheep ked

Question 40

Hippoboscidae features

Answer 40

parasitic (blood feeders) feet with strong claws females viviparous larvae pupate immediately

Question 41

What is this?

Answer 41

Hippobosca equina

Question 42

What is this?

Answer 42

Ornithomya avicularia

Question 43

Features of melophagus ovinus

Answer 43

No wings! Lives in wool pupal case attatched to wool pupae hatch in 19-36 days live for 4-5 months

Question 44

Melophagus ovinus effect on host

Answer 44

blood feeders cause anaemia stain wool transmit Trypanosoma (protozoan)