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Principles of Zoology > Digestive Systems (Part 2) > Flashcards

Digestive Systems (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Why are there variations in digestive systems?

A

differences in food composition

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2
Q

What do differences in food composition lead to?

A

differences in the number of stomach chambers

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3
Q

What are the different stomach chambers?

A
  • monogastric
  • digastric
  • trigastric
  • four-chambered
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4
Q

What animals have a monogastric stomach?

A

most mammals

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5
Q

What animals have digastric stomach?

A

birds

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6
Q

What animals have a trigastric stomach?

A

pseudo-ruminants

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7
Q

What animals have a four-chambered stomach?

A

ruminant herbivores

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8
Q

What are the different sections of the four-chambered stomach?

A

rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

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9
Q

What happens in the rumen?

A

fermentation by microbial symbionts

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10
Q

What is rumination?

A

regurgitation, rechewing

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11
Q

What is the function of the reticulum?

A

filters heavy/dense feed or indigestible objects the animal has eaten

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12
Q

What is the function of the omasum?

A

absorb water and other substances

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13
Q

What is the function of the abomasum?

A

breakdown feed, similar to stomach

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14
Q

Can non-ruminant herbivores or hindgut fermenters do regurgitation?

A

no

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15
Q

What organ do non-ruminant herbivores or hindgut fermenters have?

A

very large cecum

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16
Q

What is the function of a large cecum?

A

fermentation

17
Q

What is coprophagy?

A

eating of feces/dung to get microbes

18
Q

What do SOME non-ruminant herbivores or hindgut fermenters do to get microbes for fermentation?

A

coprophagy

19
Q

What is the order of the ruminant stomach?

A

rumen -> reticulum -> omasum -> abomasum

20
Q

What animals are pseudoruminants?

A

camelids, hippos, sloths

21
Q

What does a trigastric stomach look like?

A

reticulum, omasum, and abomasum (no rumen)

22
Q

What kind of cecum do pseudorumiants have?

A

large

23
Q

What kind of cecum do digastric have?

A

paired ceca (2 cecums)

24
Q

What unique features do digastrics have?

A

proventriculus, ventriculus, and paired ceca

25
Q

What is the function of the proventriculus?

A

stomach, where chemical digestion begins

26
Q

What is the ventriculus also called?

A

gizzard

27
Q

what is the function of the ventriculus?

A

mastication (mechanical digestion)

Principles of Zoology (20 decks)

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