Animal Diversity

Question 1

What are the three domains?

Answer 1

archae, bacteria, eukarya

Question 2

What are the four kingdoms of Eukarya?

Answer 2

Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia

Question 3

What domains are prokaryotes?

Answer 3

Archae and Bacteria

Question 4

What kind of eating method are animals?

Answer 4

consumers or heterotrophs

Question 5

What characteristics do animals share?

Answer 5

• multicellular (most have tissues)
• cells without cell walls
• able to move during some point in their lifetime
• nerve network in most
• no cell wall
• aerobic respiration (O2 using)

Question 6

What are general features of animals?

Answer 6

• diverse in form and habitat
• most reproduce sexually
• characteristic patterns of embryonic development development
  - most share hox genes

Question 7

What are hox genes?

Answer 7

determine structure of the body (ex. this is the head part, this is the thorax, etc)

Question 8

What are the types of body symmetry?

Answer 8

asymmetrical, radial, and bilateral

Question 9

What are the advantages of bilateral symmetry?

Answer 9

cephalization, body segmentation, and greater mobility

Question 10

What is cephalization?

Answer 10

evolution of a definite brain area

Question 11

When do tissues begin developing? Why?

Answer 11

early embryonic development; so cells become specialized

Question 12

What can make up the layers of tissues?

Answer 12

endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm, and non-living layer

Question 13

What is the endoderm layer?

Answer 13

inner most part of the tissues

Question 14

What is the ectoderm layer?

Answer 14

outer most part of the tissues

Question 15

What is the mesoderm layer?

Answer 15

middle part of the tissues

Question 16

Is the mesoderm layer always present?

Answer 16

no

Question 17

Is the non-living layer always present?

Answer 17

no

Question 18

What is the non-living layer?

Answer 18

a protein gel not containing any cells

Question 19

What kind of tissue layer do radiata have?

Answer 19

diploblast

Question 20

What kind of tissue layer do bilateria have?

Answer 20

triploblast

Question 21

What do the tissue layers surround?

Answer 21

a gut IF present

Question 22

What kind of body symmetry do parazoa have?

Answer 22

asymmetrical

Question 23

Are radial animals primitive or advanced?

Answer 23

primitive

Question 24

Are bilateral animals primitive or advanced?

Answer 24

advanced

Question 25

Is a gut a body cavity?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

Do acoelomate have a body cavity?

Answer 26

no

Question 27

Do eucoelomate have a body cavity?

Answer 27

sorta, between ectoderm and mesoderm

Question 28

Do pseudocoelomate have a body cavity?

Answer 28

yes within the mesoderm

Question 29

What does protostome mean?

Answer 29

mouth develops first

Question 30

What does deuterostome mean?

Answer 30

mouth develops later, anus develops first (?)

Question 31

What are invertebrates?

Answer 31

animals that lack an internal structural framework

Question 32

What body structure do invertebrates have?

Answer 32

completely soft body or exoskeleton

Question 33

Are most animals invertebrates or vertebrates?

Answer 33

invertebrates

Question 34

What are vertebrates?

Answer 34

animals that possess an internal framework

Question 35

What body structure do vertebrates have?

Answer 35

endoskeleton

Question 36

What is the order for early development?

Answer 36

zygote --cleavage -> eight cell stage ---cleavage -> blastula cross section ---gastrulation -> gastrula cross section

Question 37

What shape does a blastula have?

Answer 37

hollow

Question 38

What does the gastrula do?

Answer 38

forms digestive cavity

Question 39

What is coelum?

Answer 39

body cavity

Question 40

Describe Eumetazoa

Answer 40

have specialized tissues

Question 41

Describe Parazoa

Answer 41

no tissues

Question 42

Describe Bilateria

Answer 42

bilateral symmetry, triploblastic

Question 43

Describe Radiata

Answer 43

radian symmetry, diploblastic

Question 44

Describe Acoelomates

Answer 44

no coelom

Question 45

What clades make up Protstomes?

Answer 45

Ecydsozoa and Lophotrochozoa

Question 46

Describe ecydsozoa

Answer 46

molt exoskeleton or cuticle

Question 47

Describe lophotroschozoa

Answer 47

lophophore or trochophore

Question 48

What type of body cavity clade are flatworms part of?

Answer 48

acoelomate

Question 49

What type of body cavity clade are annelid part of?

Answer 49

eucoelomate

Question 50

What type of body cavity clade are nematode part of?

Answer 50

pseudocoelomate

Question 51

What clades describe tissues or lack there of and body symmetry?

Answer 51

Placozoa, Parazoa, Eumetazoa

Question 52

Do Eumetazoa have tissues? Do they have body symmetry?

Answer 52

yes; yes

Question 53

Do Parazoa have tissues? Do they have body symmetry?

Answer 53

no, no

Question 54

Do Placozoa have tissues? Do they have body symmetry?

Answer 54

no; no

Question 55

What clades describe type of body symmetry?

Answer 55

raidiata and bilateria

Question 56

What phylums are under the clade Radiata?

Answer 56

Cnidaria and Ctenophora

Question 57

What clades are under bilateria in terms of possession or not of a body cavity?

Answer 57

true coelomates, pseudocoelomates, and acoelomates

Question 58

Do true coelomates have a body cavity?

Answer 58

yes

Question 59

Do pseudocoelomates have a body cavity?

Answer 59

yes, sort of

Question 60

Do acoelomates have a body cavity?

Answer 60

no

Question 61

What tissue layers does a diploblast have?

Answer 61

endoderm, non-living layer, ectoderm

Question 62

What tissue layers does a triploblast have?

Answer 62

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Question 63

What characteristics do protostomes have?

Answer 63

- spiral cleavage - cell fate is determinate - mouth opening develops first

Question 64

What characteristics do deuterostomes have?

Answer 64

- radial cleavage - cell fate is indeterminate - mouth opening develops after anus opening