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Oral Pathology 2020 > Developmental Defects TEST #1 > Flashcards

Developmental Defects TEST #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the upper lip?

A

-Medial nasal processes merging with each other as well as the maxillary processes

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2
Q

What forms the primary palate?

A

-Merger of the medial nasal process

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3
Q

What forms the secondary palate?

A

-Maxillary processes

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4
Q

What is cleft lip?

A

-Defective fusion of the medial nasal process with the maxillary processes

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5
Q

T/F Most cases of cleft lift are bilateral

A

False

-Most are unilateral

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6
Q

What is the treatment of cleft LIP?

A

-Rule of 10s (10 weeks, 10 lbs, 10% HM)

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7
Q

What causes cleft palate?

A

-Failure of the palatal shelves to fuse

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8
Q

When thinking of CL and CP what is the most common and least common in developmental cases?

A
  • CL and CP are most common
  • CP (30%)
  • CL (25%)
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9
Q

What is the most common CL and CP in syndromic cases?

A

-Cleft Palate Only

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10
Q

What is the most common syndromic orofacial cleft ?

A

-Vander Woude Syndrome

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11
Q

What do you see with Pierre Robin sequence?

A
  • CP
  • Mandibular micrognathia
  • Glossoptosis
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12
Q

What causes a lateral facial cleft?

A

-Failure of fusion of maxillary and mandibular processes

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13
Q

In what ethnicity are you most likely to see orofacial clefting?

A
  • Native Americans
  • Asians
  • Caucasians
  • African Americans
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14
Q

What is a submucous palatal cleft?

A

-Minimal appearance of a cleft palate

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15
Q

What is a minimal manifestation of cleft palate?

A

-Bifid uvula

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16
Q

What syndrome are paramedian pits associated with?

A

-Van der Woude syndrome

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17
Q

What do you find in van der woude syndrome?

A
  • Paramedian lip pits
  • Cl + CP
  • Autosomal Dominant
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18
Q

What is involved in Ascher syndrome?

A
  • Double lip
  • Blepharochalasis
  • Nontoxic thyroid enlargement
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19
Q

What syndrome has paramedian lip pits, CL + CP, and Autosomal dominant?

A

-Van der woude syndrome

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20
Q

What syndrome presents with Double lip, blepharochalasis, nontoxic thyroid enlargement?

A

-Ascher syndrome

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21
Q

Where does double lip occur more commonly?

A

-upper lip

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22
Q

What is a fordyce granules?

A

-Ectopic sebaceous glands

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23
Q

Where is the most common location of fordyce granules?

A

-Buccal mucosa

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24
Q

What population of of people to fordyce granules occur most commonly in?

A

-Adults

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25
Q

What do fordyce granules clinically appear as?

A

–Yellow or yellow-white papular lesions

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26
Q

What are ectopic sebaceous glands known as?

A

-Fordyce granules

27
Q

What population do you see leukoedema mostly in?

A

-African Americans

28
Q

What does a leukoedema clinically appear as?

A

-Diffuse, gray-white, milky, opalescent lesion found bilaterally on buccal mucosa

29
Q

What is the test to see if it is leukoedema?

A

-Stretch the cheek and if it disappears then it is leukoedema

30
Q

What is small tongue known as?

A

-Microglossia

31
Q

What is it known as if the tongue is missing?

32
Q

T/F Microglossia is usually syndromic

33
Q

What are the most frequent reasons of having macroglossia?

A
  • Vascular malformations
  • Muscular hypertrophy
  • Tumors
34
Q

Who does macroglossia most commonly occur in?

35
Q

What syndrome is macroglossia associated with?

A

-Beckwith-Wiedmann syndrome (Increased risk for childhood tumors)

36
Q

What is the treatment for ankylogossia?

A

-Frenotomy

37
Q

How do you diagnose lingual thryoid?

A

-Technetium -99

38
Q

Where do you find a lingual thyroid?

A

-Foramen cecum on the tongue

39
Q

What are other terms for geographic tongue?

A
  • Benign migratory glossitis

- Erythema migrans (when not on the tongue)

40
Q

T/F Geographic tongue is a common inflammatory condition

41
Q

Who does geographic tongue occur more commonly in?

42
Q

What is the soft tissue version of a geographic tongue known as?

A

-Erythema migrans (doesn’t appear as a complete circle)

43
Q

T/F Geographic tongue is usually asymptomatic

44
Q

What is thickened filiform papilla on the dorsal surface of the tongue known as?

A

-Hairy Tongue

45
Q

If individuals have a white dorsal tongue without hairlike filiform projections what is that termed as?

A

-Coated tongue

46
Q

How do you treat Hairy tongue?

A
  • Tongue brushing

- Scraping with OHI

47
Q

What are superficial dilated veins known as?

A

-Varicosities

48
Q

What is the most common type of oral varicosity?

A

-Sublingual varix

49
Q

T/F Varicosities are symptomatic

A

False

-Asymptomatic

50
Q

What is a phlebolith?

A

-Calcified varicies

51
Q

What is a superficial artery known as?

A

-Caliber persistent artery

52
Q

Where do you commonly find caliber persistent artery?

A

-Lip mucosa

53
Q

What is the unique feature of a caliber persistent artery?

A

-Pulsation

54
Q

T/F Unilateral coronoid hyperplasia is more common

A

False

-Bilateral

55
Q

How do you know what side is affected by coronoid hyperplasia?

A
  • Mandible Moves toward the affected side
56
Q

How do you know what side is affected by condylar hyperplasia?

A

-Mandible deviates towards the opposite side

57
Q

What are localized bony protuberances known as?

A

-Exostoses

58
Q

Where do you find palatal exostoses?

A

-Lateral surfaces of the palate

59
Q

Where do you find torus palatinus?

A

-Midline of hard palate

60
Q

Where do you find torus mandibularis?

A

-Bilaterally on the mandible on the lingual side

61
Q

When do you treat tori?

A
  • Trauma

- Dentures

62
Q

What is a Stafne defect?

A

-Lingual mandibular salivary gland depression (Below the Mandibular canal (IAN))

63
Q

What is eagles syndrome?

A
  • Calcified stylohyoid ligament

- Styloid process is a slender bony projection that originates from the inferior aspect of the temporal bone

Oral Pathology 2020 (38 decks)

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