Chapter 11 Test #3 lecture 2 Flashcards
What is a swelling and eversion of the lower lip as a result of hypertrophy and inflammation of the minor salivary glands?
-Cheilitis Glandularis
What is the clinical presentation of cheilitis glandularis?
- Swelling and pain typically of the lower lip
- Eversion of the lip
- Red dots indicate duct orifices
- Mucopurulent secretion “weeping”
What histology do you see with cheilitis glandularis?
- Chronic sialadenitis
- Ductal dilation
Who do you typically see cheilitis glandularis in?
-Middle aged to older males
Is cheilitis glandularis pre-malignant?
-Not typically
What looks like cheilitis glandularis and is pre-malignant?
-Actinic cheilosis
What is Sialorrhea?
-Excessive salivation
What is the treatment of Sialorrhea?
- Treat the underlying cause
- Anticholinergic medications
- Scopolamine transdermal patch
- Surgery: relocation of the salivary ducts to tonsillar fossa
What can cause sialorrhea?
- Aphthous ulcers
- Ill-fitting dentures
- GERD
- Rabies
- Heavy metal poisoning
- Cholinergic agonists (medication)
- Lithium (Medication)
- Idiopathoic paroxysmal sialorrhea
- Down syndrome
- Cerebral palsy
- Neurologic disorder
What is xerostomia?
-Subjective sensation of a dry mouth
What are complications of xerostomia?
- Candidiasis
- Prone to cervical and root caries
- Alteration of taste
What are common causes of xerostomia?
- Medication
- Caffeine/alcohol
- Smoking
- Radiation therapy
- Sjogren’s syndrome
- Diabetes mellitus
- Sarcoidosis
- Surgery of salivary glands
What is the management of xerostomia?
- Elimination of alcohol, smoking, and caffeine consumption
- Drug modification if possible
- Sugarless candies and gum
- Oral lubricants
- Pilocarpine (Salagen) (medication)
- Cevimeline (Evoxac) (medication)
What categories of drugs can cause xerostomia?
- Anti-hypertensive drugs
- Diurectics
- Anti-depressant
- Anti-anxiety
- Anti-inflammatory
- Anti-histamine
- Anti-convulsant
- Muscle relaxant
What is an Autoimmune disease mainly affecting salivary and lacrimal glands?
-Sjogren’s syndrome
What is primary Sjogren’s syndrome?
-There are no other autoimmune disease
What is secondary Sjogren’s syndrome?
-Associated with other autoimmune diseases
If you wipe you glove on the hard palate of someone and it sticks what is that a sign of?
-Xerostomia
What is another name for Sjogren’s syndrome?
-Sicca syndrome
What are the ocular tests for sjogren’s syndrome?
- Schimer test
- Rose bengal test
What is needed to diagnose Sjogren’s syndrome?
- Positive serum anti SSA and/or anti-SSB
- Ocular staining score greater than or equal to 3
- Presence of focal lymphocytic sialadenitis with a focus (aggregate) score greater than or equal to 1 in 4 square mm
If a person has Sjogren’s syndrome what are they at increased risk for?
-Lymphoma (marginal zone lymphoma)
What is the most common site for a salivary gland neoplasms?
-Parotid gland
What are two typical presentations encountered?
- Smooth surfaced dome shaped nodule
- An ulcerated mass lesion
Are most sublingual neoplasms malignant or benign?
-Malignant
What is the most common site for minor salivary gland neoplasm?
-Palate
What percent of parotid salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 70 benign
- 30 malignant
What percent of submandibular gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 60 benign
- 40 malignant
What percent of sublingual gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 30 benign
- 70 malignant
What percent of minor glands neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 50 benign
- 50 malignant
What percent of upper lip salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 80 benign
- 20 malignant
What percent of lower lip salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 40 benign
- 60 malignant
What percent of palate salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 50 benign
- 50 malignant
What percent of tongue salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 15 benign
- 85 malignant
What percent of cheek salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 50 benign
- 50 malignant
What percent of retromolar pad salivary gland neoplasms are benign and malignant?
- 10 benign
- 90 malignant
Are salivary gland neoplasms more common in the upper lip or lower lip?
-Upper lip
Are upper lip salivary gland neoplasms mostly benign or malignant?
-Benign
Are lower lip salivary gland neoplasms mostly benign or malignant?
-Malignant
What is the most common neoplasms?
-Pleomorphic adenoma
Is a pleomorphic adenoma benign or malignant?
-Benign
What is the most common malignant neoplasm?
-mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What are four benign salivary gland neoplasms?
- Canalicular adenoma
- Pleomorphic adenoma
- Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum)
- Oncocytoma
What is a canalicular adenoma?
-A type of monomorphic adenoma
Where do you mostly find a canalicular adenoma?
-Upper lip
Where is canalicular adenoma found exclusively?
-Minor glands
If a person is younger than 50 and you see a salivary gland neoplasms on the upper lip what are you thinking?
-Pleomorphic adenoma
If a person is older than 60 and you see a salivary gland neoplasms on the upper lip what are you thinking?
-Canalicular adenoma
