Chapter 11 Test #3 Salivary Gland Diseases Flashcards
What are three oral places that you don’t have salivary glands?
- Anterior hard palate
- Dorsal tongue
- Attached gingiva
What cells do you find in the parotid gland?
-Serous cells
What cells do you find in the sublingual gland?
-Mainly mucous cells
What cells do you find in the submandibular gland?
-Serous and mucous cells
What is another name for a mucocele?
-Mucus Extravasation Phenomenon
What is a mucocele?
-Spillage of mucin into the soft tissues due to rupture of a salivary gland duct usually caused by trauma
What does mucoceles most commonly occur in?
-Children and young adults
Where is the most common location for a mucocele?
-Lower lip
Besides the lower lip where else can a mucocele occur?
- FOM (ranula)
- Anterior ventral tongue
- Buccal mucosa
How do you treat a mucocele?
-Surgical excision, remove with the adjacent minor salivary gland
Clinical mucoceles of the upper lip are more likely to be what?
-Salivary gland tumor
Mucoceles of the retromolar region are distinctly unusual, most of them will prove to be what?
-Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What is marsupialization?
-Removal of the roof of the intraoral lesion
What is a ranula?
-Mucoceles in floor of mouth, usually lateral to the midline
What is a ranula typically associated with?
-Rupture of the sublingual gland duct
What is treatment for a ranula?
-Removal of the feeding sublingual gland and or marsupialization
What is another name for a salivary duct cyst?
-Mucus retention cyst
If you see a mucocele like mass on the upper lip what should you be thinking?
-A salivary gland tumor
If you see a mucocele like mass in the retromolar region what are you thinking?
-Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What is a plunging ranula?
-Where the ranula breaks through the mylohyoid muscle and goes to the cervical region
What is a salivary duct cyst?
-Epithelium lined cavity that arises from salivary gland tissue
Who do salivary ducts cysts mostly occur in?
-Adults
Where do you most often see salivary duct cyst?
- Parotid gland (1st)
- FOM
- Buccal mucosa
- Lips
What does a salivary duct cyst appear as?
-Bluish soft fluctuant swelling
How do you treat a salivary duct cyst?
-Surgical excision
If you see a large bump on the hard palate what should you favor it being?
-Salivary gland tumor/neoplasm (but it could be a salivary gland cyst)
What is a Sialolith?
-Calcifications developed in salivary duct
Where do you see sialoliths?
- Submandibular gland (most common)
- Upper lip
- Buccal mucosa
What is a treatment of a sialolith?
- Gentle massage
- Increase fluid intake
- Moist heat
- Sialogogue
- Surgery
Why is the submandibular gland the most common location for a sialolith?
-Long and tortuous (curvy) duct with thick secretions
What are reasons that can cause sialoliths?
- mucous plug
- Bacterial colonies
- Chronic duct blockage phenomena
- Normal ductal anatomy (whartons duct)
- Xerostomia
What is Sialadenitis?
-Inflammation of the salivary gland
What are infectious causes of sialadenitis?
- Viral: mumps (epidemic parotitis)
- Bacterial
What are non infectious causes of sialadenitis?
- Sjogren syndrome
- Sarcoidosis
- Radiation induced
- Recent surgery
- Allergic reaction
- Obstruction of the salivary duct
What causes mumps?
-Paramyxovirus infection
What does mumps primarily affect?
-Salivary glands
What is anesthesia mumps?
-Rare complication after general anesthesia
What is sialadenosis (Sialosis)?
-Non-inflammatory asymptomatic salivary gland enlargement
Where does sialadenosis (Sialosis) typically occur?
-Parotid, hypertrophy of acini
What are some underlying systemic condition that can cause sialadenosis?
- Diabetes mellitus,
- hypothyroidism
- Pregnancy
- General malnutrition
- Alcoholism
- Anorexia nervosa
- Bulimia
- antihypertensive drugs
- Psychotropic drugs
What is the clinical presentation of sialadenosis?
- Parotid swelling
- Usually slowly evolving
- Usually bilateral
- Pain +/-
What is a localized, sessile painless swelling that mimics a neoplasm and if found in minor gland often on hard or soft palate?
-Adenomatoid hyperplasia
What do you do treat an adenomatoid hyperplasia?
-Biopsy to rule out neoplasm
What is a locally destructive inflammatory condition of the salivary glands believed to be due to ischemia?
-Necrotizing sialometaplasia
What can cause necrotizing sialometaplasia?
- Traumatic injuries
- Dental injections
- Ill-fitting dentures
- Upper respiratory infections
- Previous surgery
- Adjacent tumors
Where do you typically see necrotizing sialometaplasia?
-Palate and unilateral
