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First year semester 2 > DEER > Flashcards

DEER Flashcards

1
Q

Deer stomachs

A
  1. same as cow

2. Reticulum, rumen, omasum, abomasum

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2
Q

List indigenous deer species

A
  1. Red deer
  2. roe deer
  3. Fallow = not indigenous exactly but introduced yeeeears ago
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3
Q

Names of red deer sexes and young

A
  1. female = hinds
  2. Male = stag
    young = calf
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4
Q

Red deer Breeding

A
  1. called “rut”
  2. occurs oct - December
  3. calve in may-july
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5
Q

What happens to male deers around breeding?

A
  1. body weight goes up by about 20%
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6
Q

roe deer breeding

A
  1. female = 15-35kg

2. male = 20-50kg

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7
Q

Red deer weights

A
  1. female = 65-120 kg

2. male = 90-220 kg

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8
Q

roe deer names

A
  1. female = Doe
  2. Male = buck
  3. young = kid. Can have up to triplets!
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9
Q

Fallow deer names

A
  1. Female = doe
  2. males = buck
  3. fawn = young
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10
Q

Roe deer breeding and kid

A
  1. Rut = july - aug

2. kid = may- june

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11
Q

Fallow deer identification

A
  1. even adult has dots

2. 4 main colour variation, including almost black! = hard to see dots

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12
Q

Fallow deer weights

A
  1. Doe = 35-55kg
    bcuk = 45-95 kg
    fawn = only 1, never twins
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13
Q

Fallow deer rut and calve

A
  1. rut = november

2. calve = june

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14
Q

how many species of deer in UK?

A

6

In every continent but australia

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15
Q

Exotic species

A
  1. Muntjac
  2. Chinese water deer
  3. Sika
    all have escaped from private collections
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16
Q

What is the purpose and products of deer?

A
  1. Venison: rising consumer demand in 2010.
    Low in fat
  2. Deer stalking: jobs
  3. Other products: hide, pizzles, tails, canines, sinews, trophy
17
Q

Where to inject?

A
  1. neck as don’t want to bruise/ damage hide
18
Q

Wild deer

A
  1. largest population
  2. common and privately owned land/ forests = some interference (culling)
  3. conflicts: forestry, crops, traffic
19
Q

PArk deer

A
  1. managed to behave and breed naturally
  2. but enclosed in an area
  3. higher stock density than in wind so usually some input in winter and culling
  4. think as in between wild and farm
  5. fallow most popualr, red, sikka then reindeer
20
Q

Farmed deer

A
  1. small industry

2. cost of breeding animals: hind = up to £500 Stag £1,500 - £3,000

21
Q

What kind of breeders?

A

Short day breeders

  1. intensely seasonal so very short breeding period (rut)
  2. appetite adn growth falls greatly in winter = uneconomic to fatten in winter
22
Q

How to age?

A

number of spikes.

  1. 2 yr old = 2
  2. grow every year
23
Q

What to do after calve?

A
  1. tag and sex

2. work yearlings

24
Q

slaughter at what age

A

15 to 18 months old

25
Q

What vaccine?

A
  1. clostridial vaccine - like most ruminants susceptible to this disease
26
Q

Housing

A
  1. must have good shelter as energy demand can inc 50% in winter
  2. feel cold much more than cattle and sheep
  3. space like dairy
27
Q

Deer Fencing

A
  1. 2 metres
  2. double fence line
  3. smooth runs and avoid corners
28
Q

What to be careful with when handling

A
  1. fight and flight adapted - jump and strike
  2. be calm and patient
  3. darkened light
  4. Body protection
  5. don’t surround
  6. dim light
  7. handling facilities on top of hill as run to hill when scared
29
Q

Handling stags

A
  1. Never handle during rutting season = high agression
  2. work form outside / through system
  3. always 2 people
  4. warning behaviours: groan, ears down/ back, head lowered, hair raised, lolling tongue, roll eyes
30
Q

Deantlering

A
  1. as soon as velvet shed NEVER before (pre rut)
  2. Less aggressive so safer for stock
  3. wire or saw, restrain in crush or darted
  4. not allowed to transport if antlers unless in separate individual compartment
31
Q

Slaughter

A
  1. on farm best
  2. can transport to red meat abattoir
  3. handling v different to cattle so a lot don’t accept
32
Q

Main diseases

A
  1. bovine TB
  2. Endoparasites
  3. Chronic wasting disease (not in UK yet) in norway and US
33
Q

Legal requirements for deer

A
  1. Movement recording
    England = farmed, park individual ID
  2. Movement of wild deer or release into wild: muntjac NEVER moved
  3. Wild deer = up to point of cull = don’t belong to anyone
34
Q

Deer acts

A
  1. Deer Act
  2. Code of practice on deer managemetn
  3. Code f recommendations for the welfare of livestock
  4. Scotland wildlife and natural environment act

First year semester 2 (50 decks)

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